Sterile L-shaped “as fired” and machined Si3N4
implants (n=5) were surgically implanted into the tibiae of 6-week-old, female
Balb/c mice, removed on the indicated day post-op, and processed for SEM (A-X).
Representative low power images of the L-shaped implants are shown at × 30 (bar
= 200μm), and higher power images of regions containing host material are
shown at ×125 (bar =100μm). Of note is the highly reactive
“as fired” Si3N4 implant surface, which displayed a
progressive transformation towards osseous integration over time. Day 1 white and red
blood cells (B, B1×1000); Day 3 rounded/oval cells (mesenchymal stem
cells (MSCs)) (D, D1×1000); Day 5 rounded to polygonal cells
(differentiation MSCs) (F, F1×1000); Day 7 Large polygonal mesenchymal
cells (osteoblasts) (N, N1 ×1000); Day 10 & Day 14 osteoblastic
cells organizing to form a dense coating (P, P1 ×1000 & R,
R1 ×1000, respectively). In contrast, machined
Si3N4 implant surfaces were largely non-reactive with the host,
and did not display any remarkable changes over time.