Table 1.

Dietary intake and academic achievement systematic review: Study characteristics.

Study	Study Design	Population						Study Quality 1
		University, Country	Number	Age (Years)	% Female	Socio-Economic Status	Other Key Inclusion Criteria
Blai et al., 1976 [27]	Cross-sectional	Harcum Junior College, USA	332	NR	100.0	NR	Students matched on CEEB Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) for group A & B	Neutral
Deliens et al., 2013 [32]	Cohort	Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium	101	Mean: 18.0 ± 0.7	67.3	Father with higher education: 57.2% Mother with higher education: 69.0%	First year students	Positive
Larouche et al., 1998 [28]	Cross-sectional	Urban university, Boston, USA	151	Mean: 21.0 Range: 18–36	46.0	Mean family income: $40,000	None	Neutral
Peltzer et al., 2015 [11]	Cross-sectional	26 International Universities: Caribbean and South America, Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, East and Central Asia, South Asia, China and South-East Asia	17,789	Mean: 20.8 ± 2.8	58.7	53.8% from “wealthy/quite well off” family economic background, and 51.6% low/low–middle income countries	Universities in capital/major cities. Random sample of departments selected from universities for classes within that department to be surveyed	Positive
Phillips et al., 2005 [29]	Cross-sectional	Blinn College, TX, USA	1258	NR	NR	NR	Students enrolled in General Biology 1, in classes at 8, 9 or 10am from Spring 1993 to fall 2004	Neutral
Ruthig et al., 2011 [30]	Cohort	Public, Midwestern University, USA	203	Mean: 18.8 ± 1.5 Range: 17–24	69.0	NR	Students in introductory psychology course	Positive
Trockel et al., 2000 [31]	Cohort	Private university, USA	185	NR	NR	NR	First year students living in dormitory	Positive

NR: Not reported; ¹ Assessed as per the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist [26].