Table 3.

HILIC column specifications and chromatographic separation conditions used during the analysis.

Column Specifications				Chromatographic Separation Conditions
Name	Manufacturer	Stationary Phase	Dimensions	Flow (mL·min−1)	Elution Gradient (A: Acetonitrile; B: Water with Ammonium Acetate)
XBridgeTM Amide	Waters (Milford, MA, USA)	BEH amide	150 × 4.6 mm2 i.d., 5 μm	0.15	0–4 min, at 5% B; 4–34 min, from 5% to 70% B; 34–42 min, at 70% B; and 42–44 min, at 5%B
TSK Gel Amide-80	Tosoh Bioscience (Tokyo, Japan)	Amide	250 × 2.0 mm2 i.d., 5 μm	0.15	0–3 min, at 5% B; 3–27 min, from 5% to 70% B; 27–30 min, at 70% B; and 30–32 min, at 5%B
ZIC-HILIC	SeQuant (Umeå, Sweden)	Zwitterionic	250 × 2.1 mm2 i.d., 5 μm	0.15	0–3 min, at 5% B; 3–27 min, from 5% to 70% B; 27–30 min, at 70% B; and 30–32 min, at 5%B
AcclaimTM Mixed-Mode HILIC-1	Thermo Scientific (Sunnyvale, CA, USA)	Mixed-mode diol	150 × 2.1 mm2 i.d., 5 μm	0.15	0–2 min, at 5% B; 2–16 min, from 5% to 70% B; 16–20 min, at 70% B; and 20–22 min, at 5%B