Table 1.
Some electrochemical enzyme biosensors for the determination of 3HB.
| Electrode | Biosensor Fundamentals | Technique/E Detec. | Linear Range /LOD, mM | Sample | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-HBDB/NAD+/SWCNTs/SPCE | 3-HB + NAD+ (3-HBDH)→NADH. Detect. NADH | CV/−150 mV vs. Ag/AgCl | 0.01–0.1/0.009 | human serum | [10] |
| Clark electrode | 3-HB + NAD+ (3-HBDH)→NADH NADH+O2(SHL)→NAD+ Detect. O2 consumption |
amperom.−600mV vs. Ag/AgCl | 0.008–0.8/0.0039 | spiked human serum | [11] |
| 3-HBDB/NAD+/Fe(CN)64−/CMC/SPCE | 3-HB + NAD+ (3-HBDH)→NADH Detect. NADH with Fe(CN)64- |
amperom. +300 mV vs. Ag/AgCl | 0.014–5.3/0.014 | human serum | [12] |
| 1,10-PQ/NAD+/3-HBDH/SPCE | 3-HB + NAD+ (3-HBDH)→NADH Detect. NADH with 1,10-PD |
+200 mV vs. Ag/AgCl | 0–6/- | spiked blood | [13] |
| 3-HBDH–FSM8.0/NAD+/MB/SPCE | 3-HB + NAD+ (3-HBDH)→NADH Detect. NADH with MB |
amperom. −50 mV vs. Ag/AgCl | 0.03–8/0.0292 | - | [14] |
| 1,10-PD/NAD+/3-HBDH/EPAD | 3-HB + NAD+ (3-HBDH)→NADH Detect. NADH with 1,10-PD |
amperom. +200 mV | 0–6/0.3 | spiked whole blood | [15] |
| 3-HBDH/[Ru(bpy)3]2+/GO/NAD+/SPCE | 3-HB + NAD+ (3-HBDH) → NADH. Detect. NADH with [Ru(bpy)3]2+ |
amperom. +60 mV vs. Ag/AgCl | 0.2–2.0/- | bovine serum | [16] |
| SPIrCE | 3-HB + NAD+ (3-HBDH)→NADH Detect. NADH |
amperom. +200 mV vs. Ag/AgCl (T = 37.5 °C) | 0–10/- | bovine serum | [17] |
| 3-HBDH/THI/rGO/SPCE | 3-HB + NAD+ (3-HBDH)→NADH Detect. NADH with THI |
amperom. 0 mV vs. Ag | 0.003–0.4/0.001 | spiked human serum | This work |
CMC: carboxymethyl cellulose; EPAD: electrochemical paper-based analytical device; FSM8.0: mesoporous silica; MB: Meldola Blue; 1,10-PD: 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-diol; 1,10-PQ: 1,10-phenanthroline quinone; SPIrC: carbon-ink containing iridium; THI: thionine; LOD: limit of detection.