Table 2.
Predictors of Overall Survival for Adrenocortical Carcinoma
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Ratio | 95% CI | P value | Hazard Ratio | 95% CI | P value | |
| Age | 1.014 | 1.007-1.020 | P < 0.001 | 1.015 | 1.007-1.022 | P < 0.001 |
| Sex | Reference Female | |||||
| Male | 1.126 | 0.932-1.361 | 0.219 | |||
| Race | Reference Black | |||||
| White | 1.043 | 0.741-1.469 | 0.809 | |||
| Other | 1.095 | 0.690-1.738 | 0.701 | |||
| Laterality | Reference Left | |||||
| Right | 0.987 | 0.820-1.189 | 0.894 | |||
| Marital | Reference Married | |||||
| Unmarried | 0.974 | 0.800-1.185 | 0.79 | |||
| Treatment | Reference No surgery | |||||
| Surgery of primary site | 0.214 | 0.175-0.263 | P < 0.001 | 0.28 | 0.208-0.378 | P < 0.001 |
| Regional LND | Reference No | |||||
| Yes | 0.819 | 0.645-1.041 | 0.103 | |||
| Radiation | Reference No/unknown | |||||
| Yes | 1.05 | 0.802-1.373 | 0.725 | |||
| Chemotherapy | Reference No/unknown | |||||
| Yes | 1.423 | 1.179-1.717 | P < 0.001 | 0.772 | 0.602-0.990 | 0.042 |
| Tumor size | 0.998 | 0.983-1.014 | 0.826 | |||
| T stage | Reference T1 | |||||
| T2 | 1.368 | 0.818-2.288 | 0.233 | 1.377 | 0.820-2.310 | 0.226 |
| T3 | 2.196 | 1.293-3.729 | 0.004 | 2.388 | 1.386-4.114 | 0.002 |
| T4 | 3.346 | 1.990-5.626 | P < 0.001 | 1.599 | 0.929-2.754 | 0.09 |
| N stage | Reference N0 | |||||
| N1 | 3.094 | 2.383-4.018 | P < 0.001 | 1.836 | 1.356-2.486 | P < 0.001 |
| M stage | Reference M0 | |||||
| M1 | 4.018 | 3.314-4.871 | P < 0.001 | 2.574 | 1.927-3.437 | P < 0.001 |
| AJCC stage group | Reference Stage I | Adjusted* | ||||
| II | 1.185 | 0.650-2.159 | 0.58 | 1.199 | 0.657-2.188 | 0.555 |
| III | 2.144 | 1.151-3.995 | 0.016 | 2.341 | 1.252-4.378 | 0.008 |
| IV | 4.837 | 2.707-8.643 | P < 0.001 | 3.562 | 1.969-6.443 | P < 0.001 |
| ENSAT stage | Reference Stage I | Adjusted* | ||||
| II | 1.185 | 0.650-2.159 | 0.579 | 1.17 | 0.641-2.135 | 0.61 |
| III | 2.303 | 1.268-4.183 | 0.006 | 2.332 | 1.280-4.249 | 0.006 |
| IV | 6.196 | 3.454-11.114 | P < 0.001 | 4.515 | 2.465-8.270 | P < 0.001 |
| sAJCC stage group | Reference Stage I/II | Adjusted* | ||||
| III | 1.853 | 1.350-2.544 | P < 0.001 | 2.01 | 1.459-2.769 | P < 0.001 |
| IV | 4.188 | 3.349-5.236 | P < 0.001 | 3.102 | 2.396-4.016 | P < 0.001 |
| sENSAT stage | Reference Stage I/II | Adjusted* | ||||
| III | 1.991 | 1.530-2.592 | P < 0.001 | 2.05 | 1.569-2.679 | P < 0.001 |
| IV | 5.365 | 4.249-6.774 | P < 0.001 | 4.024 | 3.014-5.373 | P < 0.001 |
95% CI, 95% confidence interval; LND, lymph node dissection; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; ENSAT, European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors; sENSAT stage, simplified ENSAT stage; sAJCC stage group, simplified AJCC stage group;
*
adjusted by age, treatment, chemotherapy.