. 2017 Dec 29;12(12):e0189712. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189712

Table 7. Statistically significant findings from domain-specific and combined multivariate regression model of prevalent agents detected.

Domain	Variables	Categories	Domain Adj. OR (95% CI)	P-value	Multivariate Adj. OR (95% CI)	P-value
PLASMODIUM (Tested: 842; Positive: 399)
Socio-Demographic	Age	15+yrs	7.2 (3.2–16.3)	< .001^*	5.7 (2.4–13.6)	< .001^*
		5-14yrs	3.7 (1.6–8.7)	0.254	—	—
		1<5yrs	Ref	Ref	—	—
Clinical	Temperature	Severe	1.7 (1.2–2.4)	<0.001^*	1.8 (1.3–2.7)	0.002^*
		Moderate	1.0 (0.7–1.4)	0.107	—	—
		Mild	Ref	Ref	—	—
	Respiratory Illness	Yes	0.4 (0.3–0.6)	< .001^*	0.4 (0.3–0.6)	<0.001^*
	Respiratory Illness	No	Ref	Ref	—	—
	Abdominal Pain	Yes	0.7 (0.5–0.9)	0.023^*	0.7 (0.4–0.9)	0.03^*
	Abdominal Pain	No	Ref	Ref	—	—
	Admission status	Yes	2.1 (1.5–2.9)	< .001^*	2.1 (1.5–2.9)	<0.001^*
	Admission status	No	Ref	Ref	—	—
ENTEROVIRUS (Tested: 385; Positive: 57)
Socio-Demographic	Age	15+yrs	0.1 (0.0–0.2)	<0.001^*	0.1 (0.03–0.2)	<0.001^*
		5-14yrs	0.6 (0.3–1.2)	0.133	—	—
		1<5yrs	Ref	Ref	—	—
	Gender	Female	0.4 (0.2–0.9)	0.015^*	0.5 (0.2–0.9)	0.02^*
	Gender	Male	Ref	Ref	—	—
INFLUENZA A (Tested: 385; Positive: 91)
Socio-Demographic	Age	15+yrs	9.7(3.9–24.2)	<0.001^*	7.5 (1.3–24.4)	0.0004^*
		5-14yrs	2.0 (0.8–5.4)	0.151	—	—
		1<5yrs	Ref	Ref	—	—
	Occupation	Estate employee- field laborer	0.4 (0.2–1.0)	0.037^*	0.4 (0.2–0.9)	0.002^*
		Estate employee- non-field laborer	1.4 (0.6–3.3)	0.386	—	—
		Non-Estate employee	Ref	Ref	—	—
Clinical	Cough (non productive)	Yes	6.0 (3.0–12.2)	< .0001^*	6.7 (3.0–14.7)	<0.001^*
Clinical	Cough (non productive)	No	Ref	Ref	—	—
GROUP A STREPTOCOCCUS (Tested: 385; Positive: 46)
Clinical	Sore throat	Yes	3.1 (1.4–6.6)	0.004^*	3.6 (1.8–7.3)	<0.001^*
	Sore throat	No	Ref	Ref	—	—
	Chest pain	Yes	0.2 (0.1–0.8)	0.017^*	0.2 (0.1–0.5)	0.001^*
	Chest pain	No	Ref	Ref	—	—
HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE (Tested: 385; Positive: 258)
Socio-Demographic	Age	15+yrs	0.2 (0.1–0.4)	< .001^*	0.3 (0.1–0.6)	<0.001^*
		5-14yrs	2.7 (1.3–5.9)	0.011^*	2.8 (1.3–6.3)	<0.001^*
		1<5yrs	Ref	Ref	—	—
	Residence Status	Yes	3.8 (1.0–14.4)	0.046^*	0.1 (0.02–0.5)	0.006^*
	Residence Status	No	Ref	Ref	—	—
MORAXELLA CATARRHALIS (Tested: 385; Positive: 152)
Socio-Demographic	Age	15+yrs	0.1 (0.1–0.2)	< .001^*	0.1 (0.05–0.2)	< .001^*
		5-14yrs	0.5 (0.3–0.9)	0.028^*	0.5 (0.3–0.9)	.04^*
		1<5yrs	Ref	Ref	—	—
	Occupation	Estate employee- field laborer	8.5 (1.7–42.4)	<0.001^*	7.4 (1.6–35.4)	0.007^*
		Estate employee- non-field laborer	3.1 (0.6–16.4)	0.180	—	—
		Non-Estate employee	Ref	Ref	—	—
PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA (Tested: 385; Positive: 137)
Clinical	Cough (non productive)	Yes	0.4 (0.2–0.7)	0.009^*	0.4 (0.3–0.9)	<0.001^*
	Cough (non productive)	No	Ref	Ref	—	—
	Chest pain	Yes	1.9 (1.1–3.3)	0.015^*	1.9 (1.1–3.3)	0.016^*
	Chest pain	No	Ref	Ref	—	—
HUMAN RHINOVIRUS (Tested: 385; Positive: 98)
Socio-Demographic	Age	15+yrs	0.4 (0.2–0.8)	.006^*	0.5 (0.2–0.9)	0.017^*
		5-14yrs	0.9 (0.5–1.6)	0.720	—	—
		1<5yrs	Ref	Ref	—	—
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (Tested: 385; Positive: 141)
Socio-Demographic	Age	15+yrs	2.1 (1.1–3.9)	.0268^*	2.1 (1.1–3.9)	0.548
		5-14yrs	3.3 (1.8–6.3)	<0.001^*	3.3 (1.8–6.2)	<0.001^*
		1<5yrs	Ref	Ref	—	—
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE (Tested: 385; Positive: 213)
Socio-Demographic	Age	15+yrs	0.2 (0.1–0.4)	< .001^*	0.3 (0.1–0.6)	<0.001^*
		5-14yrs	2.7 (1.3–5.9)	0.011^*	2.8 (1.3–6.3)	<0.001^*
		1<5yrs	Ref	Ref	—	—
	Occupation	Estate employee- field laborer	2.8 (1.2–6.7)	0.021^*	3.0 (1.3–7.1)	0.002^*
		Estate employee- non-field laborer	1.0 (0.4–2.5)	0.947	—	—
		Non-Estate employee	Ref	Ref	—	—

*Statistically significant p-vlaues