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. 2017 Dec 27;13:161–174. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S143871

Figure 3.

Figure 3

QD probe-based molecular imaging methods.

Notes: QD probe-based single molecular imaging. (A1) Type IV collagen was stained yellow by QDs-585-conjugated antibody nanoprobe (yellow arrow); the area that had been degraded was revealed (red arrow). (A2) Infiltrating macrophages were stained green by QDs-525-conjugated nanoprobe (green arrow). (A3) MMP-9 was stained red by QDs-655-conjugated nanoprobe (red arrow). (A4) MMP-9 is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of cancer cells (red arrow) but not nuclear cells (blue arrow). QD probe-based double molecular imaging. (B1 and B2) Type collagen (yellow arrows) and MMP-9 (red arrows) are labeled simultaneously in GC tissues with nanoprobes QDs-585 and QDs-655, respectively. (B3 and B4) Type collagen (green arrows) and LOX (yellow arrows) are labeled simultaneously in GC tissues with nanoprobes QDs-525 and QDs-585, respectively. (C1C4) Infiltrating macrophages (green arrows), LOX (yellow arrows) and neovessels (red arrows) are labeled simultaneously in GC tissues with nanoprobes QDs-525, QDs-585 and QDs-655, respectively. In C3, the expression of LOX was significantly higher than that in C2. Major vessels were microvessels. Magnification: 200× (A1, B1, B3, C2 and C3), 400× (A2, A3, B2, B4 and C4), 100× (C1) and 1,000× (A4). Scale bar: 50 μm for (A1, B1, B3, C2 and C3), 20 μm for (A2, A3, B2, B4 and C4), 100 μm for (C1) and 10 μm for (A4).

Abbreviations: QD, quantum dot; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase 9; GC, gastric cancer; LOX, lysyl oxidase.