Table 1.

Expression of cytokines in serum and their association with H. pylori infection.

Cytokine	Healthy group		H. pylori-infected group		p value
	Range	Mean	Range	Mean
IL-10	1.77–31.13	8.83	0–19.04	6.91	0.4482
IL-17	3.20–11.86	8.37	8.24–16.74	12.67	<0.0001∗
IL-21	Undetectable−14.8	4.86	Undetectable−37.62	7.89	0.6473
IL-23	Undetectable−11.8	1.68	Undetectable−38.08	7.06	0.0262∗
TNF-α	Undetectable−984.7	224.6	Undetectable−984.7	276.4	0.4414

^∗ p < 0.05.