Table 2.
Secondary Outcome Measures
| Baseline Mean (SD) (n = 23) |
6 weeks Mean (SD) (n = 23) |
12 weeks Mean (SD) (n = 23) |
Change: Baseline to 6 weeks (control phase) Mean (CI) |
Change: 6 weeks to 12 weeks (intervention phase) Mean (CI) |
P-Value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hip Adduction/Abduction Angle (°)# | 17.0 (5.1) | 17.9 (5.8) | 8.4 (6.7) | 0.9 (4.5) | −9.5 (6.0) | <0.0001 |
| Hip Medial/Lateral Rotation Angle (°)# | −0.7 (6.1) | −0.7 (5.6) | −7.5 (6.1) | 0.03 (6.0) | −6.8 (6.8) | <0.0001 |
| Knee Medial/Lateral Rotation Angle (°)# | 4.1 (5.3) | 4.2 (5.3) | 9.1 (4.9) | 0.2 (4.0) | 4.9 (5.8) | <0.0001 |
| Current Pain (VAS)‡ | 21.7 (17.4) | 18.3 (17.9) | 4.7 (8.6) | −3.4 (−10.7 to 3.9) | −13.7 (−21.4 to −5.9) | <0.0001 |
| Average Pain-Past Week (VAS)‡ | 29.1 (16.6) | 28.6 (18.0) | 9.9 (9.3) | −0.5 (−5.3 to 4.4) | −18.7 (−27.0 to −10.4) | <0.0001 |
| Maximum Pain-past week (VAS)‡ | 48.5 (20.7) | 42.7 (20.8) | 17.1 (14.4) | −5.8 (−12.4 to 0.8) | −25.6 (−35.4 to −15.8) | <0.0001 |
| Patient-specific Functional Scale§ (Total Score) | 5.8 (1.4) | 5.9 (1.3) | 8.5 (0.9) | 0.1 (−0.6 to 0.9) | 2.6 (2.0 to 3.1) | <0.0001 |
SD = Standard Deviation; CI = 95% Confidence Interval
*
P-Value comparing change between Baseline and 6 weeks to change between 6 weeks and 12 weeks
#
Angle at peak knee flexion during single limb squat (+ values: adduction, medial rotation)
‡
VAS = Visual Analog Scale (100 mm line where 0 = no pain and 100 = worst imaginable pain)
§
Patient-Specific Functional Scale (rate 3 activities; range: 0–10, where 0 = unable to perform and 10 = no limitations; total score = average of 3 activities)