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. 2017 Dec 9;5(4):49. doi: 10.3390/vaccines5040049

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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OMV immunization induces antigen-specific mixed Th1/Th17 CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells in mice. Antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses were measured in the spleens of mice (n = 3 per group) immunized with sham, live vaccine, or OMV by flow cytometry (* p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 *** p < 0.001 by one way ANOVA, ns = not significant). Cells were gated using granularity to include lymphocytes, then size to include only single cells. Cells were assessed for viability, then expression of CD3 and exclusion of B220, CD11b, CD11c, CD19, F4/80, and NK1.1 on the surface. The CD3+ T cell population was then gated to include CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. CD4+ were then gated to include those antigen-experienced (CD44+) cells producing the cytokines (a) IFN-γ or (b) IL-17A and (c) CD8+ were then gated to include those antigen-experienced (CD44+) cells producing the cytokine IFN-γ.

OMV immunization induces antigen-specific mixed Th1/Th17 CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells in mice. Antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses were measured in the spleens of mice (n = 3 per group) immunized with sham, live vaccine, or OMV by flow cytometry (* p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 *** p < 0.001 by one way ANOVA, ns = not significant). Cells were gated using granularity to include lymphocytes, then size to include only single cells. Cells were assessed for viability, then expression of CD3 and exclusion of B220, CD11b, CD11c, CD19, F4/80, and NK1.1 on the surface. The CD3+ T cell population was then gated to include CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. CD4+ were then gated to include those antigen-experienced (CD44+) cells producing the cytokines (a) IFN-γ or (b) IL-17A and (c) CD8+ were then gated to include those antigen-experienced (CD44+) cells producing the cytokine IFN-γ.