Table 3.
Mean (SD) measures of body composition at baseline, week 4 1 and week 10 and adjusted differences between dietary groups.
| Standard Diet | HPHFib | Difference between Groups Adjusted for Baseline Value 2 | p-Value for Overall Effect | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight (kg) | ||||
| Baseline | 89.2 (14.7) | 85.4 (14.8) | ||
| Week 4 | 89.0 (15.2) | 84.2 (14.5) | −1.3 (−1.8, −0.7) | <0.0001 |
| Week 10 | 89.0 (15.1) | 83.9 (14.5) | −1.1 (−1.9, −0.3) | 0.006 |
| Fat mass (kg) | ||||
| Baseline | 40.9 (11.2) | 39.1 (11.2) | ||
| Week 10 | 41.2 (11.5) | 38.1 (10.8) | −1.0 (−1.8, −0.2) | 0.014 |
| Fat mass (%) | ||||
| Baseline | 45.8 (6.3) | 45.6 (6.0) | ||
| Week 10 | 46.2 (6.3) | 45.0 (6.1) | −0.6 (−1.30, 0.02) | 0.059 |
| Truncal fat mass (kg) | ||||
| Baseline | 21 (6.7) | 19.9 (6.0) | ||
| Week 10 | 21.3 (6.9) | 19.3 (5.8) | −0.7 (−1.3, −0.1) | 0.034 |
| Lean mass (kg) | ||||
| Baseline | 44.3 (5.2) | 42.5 (4.8) | ||
| Week 10 | 43.9 (5.1) | 42.4 (4.7) | 0.1 (−0.5, 0.6) | 0.843 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | ||||
| Baseline | 96.6 (11.5) | 94.5 (13.3) | ||
| Week 4 | 95.6 (11.3) | 93.2 (13.1) | −0.8 (−2.3, 0.6) | 0.266 |
| Week 10 | 95.8 (12.0) | 92.3 (12.6) | −1.3 (−2.8, 0.2) | 0.084 |
1 Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures (fat and lean mass) were assessed at baseline and week 10 only; 2 A mixed model using “participant” as a random effect was used to estimate the effect of the treatment over the two intervention phases (weeks 0–4 and weeks 5–10), using baseline values as a covariate. As the time x group interaction effect was not significant, a cross-sectional time-series regression model (xtreg) was used to obtain the overall estimate from week 4 and week 10 measures.