Table 4.
Differences in vitamin intake between the groups with and without depressive symptoms by BMI.
| Vitamin (g/1000 kcal) |
Underweight | Normal Weight | Overweight | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Depressive Symptoms (n = 68) |
Depressive Symptoms (n = 47) |
p1 | Non-Depressive Symptoms (n = 837) |
Depressive Symptoms (n = 304) |
p2 | Non-Depressive Symptoms (n = 292) |
Depressive Symptoms (n = 86) |
p3 | |
| Vitamin Intake (mean ± SD) | Vitamin Intake (mean ± SD) | Vitamin Intake (mean ± SD) | |||||||
| Retinol | 210.08 ± 151.47 | 193.65 ± 156.16 | 0.573 | 218.76 ± 294.58 | 204.49 ± 183.80 | 0.429 | 218.09 ± 190.09 | 175.06 ± 114.67 | 0.010 |
| Retinol equivalent | 388.40 ± 194.04 | 386.42 ± 199.02 | 0.958 | 405.21 ± 318.96 | 374.21 ± 215.49 | 0.117 | 393.19 ± 234.44 | 308.70 ± 147.56 | <0.001 |
| Beta-carotene equivalent | 2117.37 ± 1544.73 | 2286.89 ± 1619.20 | 0.572 | 2215.12 ± 1395.75 | 2013.97 ± 1405.64 | 0.033 | 2080.02 ± 1428.29 | 1580.93 ± 960.37 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin D | 9.29 ± 5.09 | 10.14 ± 5.54 | 0.398 | 9.66 ± 5.88 | 9.10 ± 5.46 | 0.150 | 9.67 ± 5.55 | 8.27 ± 5.75 | 0.043 |
| Alpha-tocopherol | 4.05 ± 1.09 | 4.02 ± 1.28 | 0.897 | 4.02 ± 1.17 | 3.83 ± 1.09 | 0.016 | 4.02 ± 1.11 | 3.58 ± 1.08 | 0.001 |
| Vitamin K | 180.55 ± 98.0 | 153.55 ± 86.23 | 0.130 | 183.08 ± 100.47 | 162.02 ± 92.38 | 0.001 | 179.10 ± 102.37 | 136.16 ± 78.27 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B1 | 0.42 ± 0.10 | 0.43 ± 0.11 | 0.461 | 0.42 ± 0.10 | 0.41 ± 0.09 | 0.037 | 042 ± 0.10 | 0.38 ± 0.09 | 0.001 |
| Vitamin B2 | 0.72 ± 0.20 | 0.70 ± 0.18 | 0.600 | 0.72 ± 0.21 | 0.69 ± 0.21 | 0.145 | 0.72 ± 0.22 | 0.65 ± 0.19 | 0.005 |
| Vitamin B3 | 9.17 ± 2.63 | 8.81 ± 2.79 | 0.488 | 9.49 ± 2.91 | 8.90 ± 2.55 | 0.001 | 9.55 ± 2.89 | 8.41 ± 2.88 | 0.001 |
| Vitamin B5 | 3.62 ± 0.76 | 3.56 ± 0.66 | 0.707 | 3.58 ± 0.79 | 3.48 ± 0.72 | 0.043 | 3.59 ± 0.81 | 3.31 ± .073 | 0.003 |
| Vitamin B6 | 0.72 ± 0.20 | 0.71 ± 0.20 | 0.829 | 0.73 ± 0.20 | 0.69 ± 0.18 | 0.002 | 0.73 ± 0.19 | 0.64 ± 0.19 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B9 | 185.01 ± 69.89 | 174.95 ± 69.57 | 0.449 | 191.74 ± 76.54 | 176.09 ± 66.01 | 0.001 | 187.39 ± 75.58 | 154.52 ± 56.90 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B12 | 6.10 ± 3.01 | 6.08 ± 3.37 | 0.966 | 6.33 ± 3.39 | 5.92 ± 3.06 | 0.065 | 6.48 ± 3.33 | 5.44 ± 3.09 | 0.010 |
| Vitamin C | 63.48 ± 29.69 | 60.49 ± 35.16 | 0.623 | 66.30 ± 33.55 | 60.32 ± 3.17 | 0.005 | 64.81 ± 32.01 | 51.51 ± 24.98 | <0.001 |
| Cryptoxanthine | 158.82 ± 124.14 | 148.58 ± 162.53 | 0.703 | 164.99 ± 149.82 | 146.52 ± 153.02 | 0.067 | 167.25 ± 150.27 | 140.65 ± 146.56 | 0.148 |
SD: standard deviation.