Table 2.
Incident smoking-related cancera risk and current cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) among all participants and by reported consistent or different CPD over the lifetime
| N | Cases | Adjusted HR (95% CI)b | Excluding ever regular users of cigars/pipesc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants | ||||
| Never | 93,171 | 2,748 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| < 1 CPD | 1,466 | 93 | 2.29 (1.85 – 2.82) | 2.35 (1.84 – 2.99) |
| 1–10 CPD | 5,382 | 490 | 3.39 (3.08 – 3.74) | 3.46 (3.11 – 3.85) |
| 11–20 CPD | 6,355 | 736 | 4.43 (4.08 – 4.81) | 4.58 (4.19 – 5.01) |
| 21–30 CPD | 2,718 | 362 | 4.92 (4.40 – 5.50) | 5.24 (4.65 – 5.90) |
| > 30 CPD | 2,312 | 344 | 5.49 (4.90 – 6.15) | 5.50 (4.84 – 6.24) |
|
| ||||
| Participants who reported consistent CPD during the lifetime | ||||
| Never | 93,171 | 2,748 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| < 1 CPD | 137 | 8 | 1.89 (0.90 – 3.96) | 2.75 (1.31 – 5.78) |
| 1–10 CPD | 1,243 | 78 | 2.34 (1.86 – 2.93) | 2.57 (2.03 – 3.24) |
| 11–20 CPD | 2,254 | 290 | 4.87 (4.31 – 5.50) | 5.13 (4.50 – 5.85) |
| 21–30 CPD | 551 | 78 | 5.01 (3.98 – 6.30) | 5.44 (4.22 – 7.02) |
| > 30 CPD | 355 | 56 | 5.43 (4.15 – 7.10) | 4.73 (3.42 – 6.52) |
|
| ||||
| Participants who reported different CPD during the lifetime | ||||
| Never | 93,171 | 2,748 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| < 1 CPD | 978 | 65 | 2.36 (1.84 – 3.03) | 2.40 (1.79 – 3.22) |
| 1–10 CPD | 3,655 | 362 | 3.74 (3.34 – 4.17) | 3.77 (3.33 – 4.27) |
| 11–20 CPD | 3,623 | 402 | 4.32 (3.89 – 4.80) | 4.38 (3.90 – 4.91) |
| 21–30 CPD | 1,954 | 262 | 5.08 (4.47 – 5.78) | 5.38 (4.70 – 6.17) |
| > 30 CPD | 1,452 | 244 | 6.40 (5.60 – 7.31) | 6.49 (5.61 – 7.50) |
HR: hazard ratio, CI: confidence interval
Cancer of oral cavity, oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, esophagus, stomach, colorectum, liver, pancreas, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, larynx, lung, uterine cervix, ovary (mucinous) urinary bladder, kidney, ureter, and acute myeloid leukemia.
Adjusted for gender, race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, Asian/pacific islander/native American, or unknown), education (< high school, high school, post high school, some college, college/post graduate, or unknown), alcohol intake (continuous), familial history of any cancer (yes, no, or unknown), and ever regular use of pipe or cigar (yes, no, or unknown). Age was used as the underlying time metric.
Excluding participants who reported ever using pipes or cigars regularly in the 1995–1996 initial cohort questionnaire.