MCP-1 PAM binding, chemoattractant property, and biocompatibility with WEHI 274.1 murine monocytes. (A) CLSM images of monocytes incubated with MCP-1 PAMs and (B) scrambled PAMs with 10 mol % Cy5 PA (red fluorescence) after 1 h. Scale bar = 20 μm. (C) Monocyte migration after 4 h incubation (n = 5; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared to the PBS-treated group). In vitro viability of monocytes after (D) 24 h and (E) 72 h exposure to MCP-1 PAMs, MCP-1 peptides, scrambled PAMs, scrambled peptides, and DSPE-PEG(2000)-methoxy assessed through an MTS assay (n = 6).