Table. Demographic characteristics of patients with melioidosis, Singapore, 2003–2014*.
| Characteristic | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | Total (%)† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. cases |
42 |
96 |
74 |
59 |
57 |
60 |
37 |
58 |
34 |
31 |
34 |
32 |
614 |
| Patient age, y | |||||||||||||
| Mean | 52.6 | 51.3 | 51.2 | 50.6 | 56.9 | 49.6 | 54.1 | 55 | 46.1 | 45.9 | 53.7 | 50 | |
| Minimum | 19 | 7 | 0 | 14 | 9 | 3 | 13 | 10 | 8 | 12 | 9 | 13 | |
| Maximum |
82 |
91 |
95 |
85 |
87 |
77 |
83 |
87 |
77 |
76 |
88 |
83 |
|
| Sex | |||||||||||||
| F | 6 | 15 | 9 | 13 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 13 | 6 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 98 (16.0) |
| M |
36 |
81 |
65 |
46 |
50 |
51 |
29 |
45 |
28 |
30 |
24 |
31 |
516 (84.0) |
| Incidence by race‡ | |||||||||||||
| Chinese | 0.9 | 2.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 1.0§ |
| Malay | 2 | 2.9 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 3.5 | 2.8 | 0.8 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 2.4§ |
| Indian |
0.7 |
3.8 |
3.2 |
2.2 |
4.5 |
2.5 |
1.5 |
0.6 |
1.1 |
1.4 |
1.1 |
2.3 |
2.1§ |
| Comorbidity | |||||||||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 19 | 61 | 43 | 31 | 33 | 39 | 19 | 38 | 20 | 15 | 18 | 12 | 348 (56.7) |
| Hypertensive disease | 10 | 29 | 23 | 18 | 27 | 27 | 8 | 21 | 17 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 218 (35.5) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 4 | 11 | 2 | 22 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 87 (14.2) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 3 | 19 | 5 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 60 (9.8) |
| Chronic liver disease/cirrhosis | 0 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 (1.5) |
| Neoplasm | 0 | 0 | 5 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 45 (7.3) |
| Renal impairment | 9 | 23 | 11 | 10 | 13 | 12 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 94 (15.3) |
| Anemia | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 12 (2.0) |
| Tuberculosis | 0 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 21 (3.4) |
| COPD | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 (1.0) |
| Asthma |
0 |
4 |
6 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
18 (2.9) |
| No. deaths, % | 6 (14.3) | 25 (26.0) | 12 (16.2) | 9 (15.3) | 12 (21.1) | 12 (20.0) | 5 (13.5) | 14 (24.1) | 6 (17.6) | 2 (6.5% | 8 (23.5) | 2 (6.3) | 113 (18.4) |
*Data extracted from (5,9). COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. †Values are no. (%) unless otherwise indicated. ‡These are the standard reported races/ethnicities in Singapore. Incidence is per 100,000 population. §Mean.