Table 2.
Key Flare Characteristics (Covariates) Used in Analysis (Number of Patients = 95, Number of Flares = 390)
| Prophylactic NSAIDs | Early NSAID treatment | Not treated with NSAIDs | Comparison (p < 0.05)a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of flares | 76 | 43 | 271 | N/A |
| Number of patients | 39 | 36 | 82 | N/A |
| Est. SE | Est. SE | Est. SE | ||
| Age (years) at PANS flare | 10.6 (0.46) | 11.2 (0.42) | 9.6 (0.37) | P:N, E:N |
| Male sex | 58% | 61% | 61% | None |
| Weeks since onset of PANS illness | 131.6 (1.17) | 160.0 (1.13) | 85.7 (1.13) | P:N, E:N |
| Previous flare treated with aggressive immunomodulatory therapyb | 13% (4%) | 15% (4%) | 10% (3%) | None |
| Patient on prophylactic antibiotics at onset of flare | 32% (7%) | 62% (7%) | 20% (4%) | P:E, P:N |
| Antibiotics used to treat infection during flarec | 58% (7%) | 37% (6%) | 57% (4%) | P:E, P:N |
| Oral corticosteroids given during flare | 35% (7%) | 36% (6%) | 18% (3%) | P:N, E:N |
| Number of psychiatric medications during flare | 0.9 (1.22) | 1.1 (1.19) | 0.8 (1.19) | P:N |
| Cognitive behavioral therapy during flare | 22% (6%) | 23% (6%) | 26% (4%) | None |
Significant differences between groups are demarcated by [group 1]:[group2], for example, P:N indicates that the Prophylactic and Not Treated groups differed significantly.
High-dose IVIG, intravenous methylprednisolone pulse(s) (30 mg/kg), or plasma exchange.
Common infections treated during flare include group A Streptococcus, sinusitis, otitis media, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, etc.
Contents of table are estimated values (with standard errors in parentheses) for the repeated-measures models, accounting for multiple observations per subject.
SE, standard error; P, prophylactic NSAIDs; E, treated with NSAIDs early (≤30 days of flare onset); N, not treated with NSAIDs; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin.