Table 2.

Numbers, Percentages, Unadjusted & Adjusted Odds Ratio, and 95% Confidence Intervals from Logistic Regressions on New-Onset Diabetes Among Medicaid Beneficiaries with Newly-Diagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Medicaid Analytic Extract, 2005–2008

	New-onset diabetes
	n	Row %	OR	95% CI	Sig.	AOR	95% CI	Sig.
Total	967	6.3
Any antidepressant use
Yes	475	6.5	1.06	0.93, 1.20		0.91	0.78, 1.06
No	492	6.2
Any ICS use
Yes	488	7.4	1.39	1.22, 1.58	***	1.23	1.07, 1.47	**
No	479	5.5
Any statin use
Yes	344	9.2	1.79	1.56, 2.05	***	1.48	1.27, 1.72	***
No	623	5.4

Based on 15,287 Medicaid beneficiaries with newly diagnosed COPD who were diabetes free during the baseline period obtained from Medicaid analytic extract files observed during 2005–2008. Asterisks represent significant group differences in likelihood of new-onset diabetes by antidepressant, ICS, and statin use compared to the reference group (none) obtained from unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses.

Adjusted logistic regressions controlled for cohort year, sex, race, age, state, poverty eligibility, inflammation-related multimorbidity, number of other clinical conditions, serious mental illness, alcohol abuse, substance abuse, tobacco use, polypharmacy, and county-level variables, including: above high school education density (quartiles), unemployment density (quartiles), poverty density (quartiles), metro status, primary care shortage area, mental health shortage area, primary care provider density (quartiles), hospital bed density (quartiles), psychiatric hospital, pulmonologist density, and cardiologist density in addition to medication use.

^***P < 0.001; ^**0.001 ≤ P < 0.01; ^*0.01 ≤ P < 0.05.

AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; OR, odds ratio; Sig., significance.