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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropharmacology. 2017 Nov 21;130:30–41. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.11.022

Figure 4. Influence of sex/estrous stage on protein expression of synaptic plasticity markers within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) following treatment with vehicle or ketamine.

Figure 4

(A) Protein expression of p-CaMKIIα/CaMKIIα was not affected by ketamine nor by sex/estrous stage. (B) Males and Pro females exhibited an increased expression of p-GluR1/GluR1 and (C) increased expression of BDNF following 3 mg/kg ketamine. (D) Protein expression of p-MAPK/MAPK was not affected by ketamine, yet there was a main effect of sex/estrous stage. (E) Ketamine at 1.5 mg/kg increased expression of p-Akt/Akt in Pro females, and 3 mg/kg increased expression in males and Pro females. (F) Ketamine at 1.5 mg/kg increased expression of p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β in males, and in males and Pro females at 3 mg/kg. (G) Ketamine at 3 mg/kg increased p-mTOR/mTOR expression in males and D1 females. *p<.05, **p<.005, ***p<.0005, ****p<0.0001 vs. within-group vehicle. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences between sex/estrous stages within the vehicle treatment group. Data are means + SEM. (n=4–8/group)