Relative CV levels produced by V. cholerae O395 ΔmotX (non-motile) and ΔflaA (aflagellate) mutants, as compared to wild-type V. cholerae O395, in response to ZAC-3 IgG or an isotype control (9 μg/mL) after 2.5 h. For wild type V. cholerae O395 (but not the motility mutants), CV staining levels were significantly higher in the ZAC-3 treated group as compared to the control (P< 0.05). The graph constitutes three biological replicates with three technical replicates each. Statistical significance was determined by two-way ANOVA, followed by a Tukey multiple comparison test. Macroagglutination (Agglut.) scale is as follows;—no agglutination; ++, agglutination within 2 h; +, agglutination within 3 h.