Table 3. Multivariate analysis of potential risk factors for coronary heart disease in patients with peptic ulcer disease (with versus without HP therapy among all ages, by age < and ≥ 65 years old).

Variable	Multivariate analysis
	HR	95% CI		P value
Group (all ages)
Patients without HP therapy	1
Patients with HP therapy (≤ 365 days)	0.92	0.69	1.22	0.5581
Gender (male is reference)	0.76	0.56	1.03	0.0798
Charlson comorbidity
Pulmonary disease	1.26	0.66	2.41	0.4795
Connective tissue disorder	1.76	0.25	12.64	0.5726
Peptic ulcer	0.80	0.55	1.17	0.2496
Liver disease	0.90	0.44	1.84	0.7655
Renal disease	7.86	2.88	21.42	<0.0001
Comorbidity
Hypertension	3.03	2.12	2.25	0.0195
Hyperlipidemia	1.30	0.69	2.43	0.4196
Group (age < 65 years old)
Patients without HP therapy	1
Patients with HP therapy (≤ 365 days)	0.68	0.46	0.99	0.0464
Gender (male is reference)	0.88	0.59	1.31	0.5170
Charlson comorbidity
Pulmonary disease	1.31	0.41	4.13	0.6507
Connective tissue disorder	3.25	0.45	23.43	0.2429
Peptic ulcer	0.68	0.40	1.15	0.1477
Liver disease	0.75	0.27	2.06	0.5745
Renal disease	8.07	1.11	58.50	0.5745
Comorbidity
Hypertension	2.66	1.49	4.74	0.0009
Hyperlipidemia	1.70	0.71	4.11	0.2366
Group (age ≥ 65 years old)
Patients without HP therapy	1
Patients with HP therapy (≤ 365 days)	1.4	0.91	2.15	0.1244
Gender (male is reference)	0.55	0.34	0.89	0.0145
Charlson comorbidity
Pulmonary disease	0.74	0.34	1.65	0.4658
Peptic ulcer	0.93	0.54	1.60	0.7894
Liver disease	1.92	0.69	5.36	0.2151
Renal disease	4.67	1.43	15.19	0.0105
Comorbidity
Hypertension	1.58	0.98	2.54	0.0585
Hyperlipidemia	1.21	0.48	3.05	0.6916

Abbreviations: HP: Helicobacter pylori; CI: confidence interval