TABLE 6.

Student learning outcomes^a

Parameter	Regression coefficient ± SE	p value
Intercept	48.40 ± 1.96	<2 × 10−16
GPA	9.90 ± 0.56	<2 × 10−16
Female	−2.26 ± 0.65	5.24 × 10−4
First generation	−2.98 ± 0.66	7.59 × 10−6
Accountability	0.26 ± 0.38	0.49
% Volunteer	−0.048 ± 0.026	0.061

^aStudent exam performance was not significantly associated with either classroom volunteer response levels or accountability (combination of % cold call, right is right, stretch it: explain logic, and stretch it: follow-up). Bolded p values are significant at the p < 0.05 level. Coefficients are in terms of percentage of exam points.