. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Exp Child Psychol. 2017 Nov 28;167:93–116. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2017.10.006

Table 2.

Correlations Among All Study Variables

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22
1 Gender	–
2 Maternal education	−.02	–
3 Minority status	.02	−.25^**	–
4 Attention to instructions (S)	.18^**	.21^**	−.23^**	–
5 On-task behavior (S)	.13^*	.20^**	−.28^**	.61^**	–
6 Enthusiasm/Energy (S)	.17^**	.18^**	−.17^**	.52^**	.57^**	–
7 Persistence (S)	.10	.27^**	−.25^**	.60^**	.76^**	.60^**	–
8 Monitoring/Strategy use (S)	.10	.29^**	−.33^**	.57^**	.72^*	.56^**	.82^**	–
9 Positive affect (S)	.17^**	.01	.03^**	.28^*	.15^**	.55	.24^**	.26^**	–
10 Negative affect (S)	−.15^*	−.14^*	.12	−.38^**	−.54^**	−.47^**	−.66^**	−.54^**	−.18^**	–
11 Attention to instructions (T)	.11	.19^**	−.21^**	.47^**	.40^**	.31^**	.39^**	.45^**	.12^*	−.28^**	–
12 On-task behavior (T)	.15^*	.14^*	−.11	.41^**	.54^**	.30^**	.46^**	.43^**	.11	−.33^**	.50^**	–
13 Enthusiasm/Energy (T)	.07	.07	−.08	.26^**	.23^**	.50^**	.31^**	.33^**	.35^**	−.27^**	.35^**	.38^**	–
14 Persistence (T)	.12^*	.11	−.07	.35^**	.44^**	.28^**	.48^**	.45^**	.11	−.45^**	.45^**	.73^**	.45^**	–
15 Monitoring/Strategy use (T)	.11	.17^**	−.18^**	.34^**	.40^**	.25^**	.42^**	.45^**	.09	−.29^**	.48^**	.57^**	.41^**	.67^**	–
16 Positive affect (T)	.14^*	−.09	−.05	.15^*	.02	.29^**	.06	.15^*	.53^**	−.02	.16^**	.02	.48^**	.13^*	.18^**	–
17 Negative affect (T)	−.08	−.05	−.05	−.22^**	−.29^**	−.18^**	−.34^**	−.26^**	−.16^**	.44^**	−.32^**	−.41^**	−.34^**	−.49^**	−.39^**	−.11	–
18 Mastery motivation (Pre-k)	.12	.21^**	−.11	.28^**	.24^**	.20^**	.29^**	.28^**	.11	−.20^**	.17^**	.18^**	.18^**	.21^**	.26^**	.07	−.10	–
19 Pre-math skills (Pre-k)	.07	.35^**	−.33^**	.38^**	.29^**	.27^**	.34^**	.44^**	.10	−.15^*	.30^**	.32^**	.21^**	.30^**	.40^**	.10	−.10	.26^**	–
20 Pre-literacy skills (Pre-k)	.12^*	.39^**	−.07	.26^**	.23^**	.33^**	.28^**	.30^**	.14^*	−.23^**	.20^**	.20^**	.24^**	.16^**	.16^**	.07	−.09	.23^**	.52^**	–
21 Classroom learning behaviors (K)	.18^**	.19^**	−.21^**	.25^**	.32^**	.28^**	.37^**	.38^**	.09	−.19^**	.15^*	.24^**	.17^*	.24^**	.29^**	.01	−.11	.23^**	.33^**	.23^**	–
22 Math performance (K)	−.06	.20^**	−.19^**	.27^**	.23^**	.18^**	.23^**	.29^**	.05	−.09	.14^*	.12	.16^*	.19^**	.19^**	.09	−.04	.29^**	.40^**	.39^**	.31^**	–
23 Reading performance (K)	.06	.32^**	−.12	.25^**	.29^**	.32^**	.32^**	.33^**	.10	−.14^*	.19^**	.18^**	.19^**	.18^**	.22^**	.06	.00	.32^**	.46^**	.55^**	.39^**	.69^**

Note. S = Story; T = Tangrams; Pre-k = preschool; K = kindergarten.

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.