Table 1.
Demographics and main outcome variables.
| DEMOGRAPHICS | PP App | MTA App | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) (Mean±SD) | 26.3±4.9 | 26.5±6.2 | 0.93 | ||
| Gestational age at enrollment (weeks) (Mean±SD) | 17.0±6.0 | 21.3±6.7 | 0.02 | ||
| Race (n, % African American) | 22 | 95.7% | 39 | 95.1% | 0.92 |
| Marital status (n, % Married) | 1 | 4.3% | 4 | 9.8% | 0.44 |
| Employment status (n, % Employed) | 10 | 55.6% | 25 | 62.5% | 0.62 |
| Education (n, % some college or more) | 10 | 55.6% | 18 | 45.0% | 0.46 |
| Insurance (n, % Medicaid/Medicare) | 17 | 73.9% | 36 | 87.8% | 0.16 |
| Gravida (Mean±SD) | 3.3±1.9 | 3.6±2.5 | 0.61 | ||
| Para (Mean±SD) | 0.9±1.0 | 1.1±1.5 | 0.70 | ||
| PHQ-9 at enrollment (Mean±SD) | 12.1±5.2 | 11.0±4.6 | 0.37 | ||
| Mental health diagnosis (n, %) | 13 | 54% | 25 | 61% | 0.49 |
| Prescribed psychiatric medication (n, %) | 2 | 8.7% | 1 | 2.4% | 0.26 |
| ENGAGEMENT & CARE SATISFACTION AT WEEK 8 (Mean, SD) | PP App | MTA App | p-value | ||
| I am confident that I am able to manage my own health. | 6.1±0.8 | 6.1±1.0 | 0.87 | ||
| My care team understands and responds to my unique needs | 6.2±1.4 | 6.1±1.2 | 0.86 | ||
| I feel connected to my care team. | 5.5±1.5 | 5.8±1.4 | 0.51 | ||
| How would you rate the ability to reach your prenatal provider by phone? | 4.1±1.3 | 3.9±1.4 | 0.67 | ||
| How often do you leave a prenatal appointment with unanswered questions? | 5.6±0.7 | 5.7±0.7 | 0.53 | ||
| How satisfied are you with your prenatal care? | 5.8±1.3 | 6.1±1.0 | 0.37 | ||
| SERVICE DELIVERY (Mean, SD) | PP App | MTA App | p-value | ||
| Prenatal Care | |||||
| Number OB office visits (Mean±SD) | 4.5±2.6 | 4.7±2.1 | .89† | ||
| Number of OB visits in which mental health was mentioned (Mean±SD) | .83±1.5 | .85±1.3 | .82† | ||
| Number of OB telephone encounters mentioning mental health (Mean±SD) | .1±4.7 | .98±1.3 | .02† | ||
| Mental Health Care | |||||
| Number of prenatal mental health specialist visits (Mean±SD) | .22±.6 | .30±.5 | .69† | ||
| Patient had OB visit that addressed mental health (n,%) | 8 | 35% | 17 | 42% | .60‡ |
| Patient referred to mental health specialist (n, %) | 5 | 22% | 11 | 27% | .65‡ |
| Patient attended mental health specialist visit (n, %) | 1 | 20% | 3 | 27% | .76 ‡ |
| Patient had MTA app triggered contact (n, %) | - | - | 17 | 41% | - |
PHQ-9: Possible scores range from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating greater depressive symptomatology.
†
p-value from ANCOVA with gestational age as a covariate
‡
p-value for Chi-Square