Table 2.

Canonical Signaling Pathways Hypothetically Involved in Vasopressin-escape

Signaling Pathway	Ligands	Receptors	TFs	Relevant KEGG Pathway*
Notch signaling	Delta, Jagged	Notch family	HES Family	Notch Signaling
Wnt signaling	Wnt family, Porcn	Frizzled receptors	TCF/LEF, MYC	Wnt Signaling
Growth signaling	Insulin/Insulin-like growth factors	Insulin receptor, Insulin-like growth factor receptor	Several Forkhead Box TFs	Insulin Signaling
Cyclic AMP signaling	Vasopressin/PGE2	Avpr2, Avpr1a, Ptger4	AP1, CREB Family, GLI, SOX, PPARA, NFAT	cAMP Signaling
Cyclic GMP signaling	Nitric Oxide	Soluble guanylate cyclase	CREB Family	cGMP-PKG Signalng
Shift from G0 to cell cycle (dedifferentiation) with arrest	EGF, FGF family, PDGF family	Growth factor receptors	E2F1, FOXM1	Cell Cycle
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition/TGFβ signaling	TGFβ/Activin/Nodal/BMP	TGFβ receptor/Activin receptor/BMP Receptor	SNAIL family, TWIST, SMAD family, ZEB, AP1, ATF2, TGIF, PITX	TGF-Beta Signaling
MAP kinase signaling	EGF, FGF family, PDGF family	Growth factor receptors	ELK1, AP1, p53, NR4A1	MAPK Signaling
Hedgehog signaling	Ihh, Dhh, Shh	Patched family, Smoothened	GLI family	Hedgehog Signaling
Hippo signaling	E-cadherin	E-cadherin	TEAD family	Hippo Signaling

^*Pathways may be viewed at www.genome.jp or by searching “KEGG [pathway name]”.