Fig. 4.

Intraperitoneal injection of protoxin II or morphine reduces burn injury-induced upregulation of p-S10H3 expression in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn. a–f p-S10H3 expression in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn in naive condition (a), 60 min after burn injury (b), with the injection of protoxin II 15 min before (c) or 15 min after (d) the injury and with the injection of morphine 15 min before (e) or 15 min after (f) the injury. Dashed lines indicate the border of the spinal cord, whereas dotted lines indicate the white-grey matter border. Note that burn injury induces upregulation in the expression of p-S10H3, whereas either protoxin II or morphine reduces that upregulation irrespective of whether the drug is given before or after the injury. g Quantification of neurons exhibiting p-S10H3 expression in various conditions. Asterisk indicates significant difference in the number of p-S10H3-expressing nuclei between naive condition and 60 min after burn injury, whereas plus signs indicate significant difference in the number of p-S10H3-expressing nuclei between 60 min after burn injury and various treatments. Scale bar = 100 μm on each image