Table 2.

Neonatal care and newborn life support at birth

	Clamp ≥2 min+neonatal care with cord intact (n=135)			Clamp ≤20 s+neonatal care after clamping (n=134)
	Beside mother	Away from mother	Total	Beside mother	Away from mother	Total
Baby in plastic bag/sheet	100*	15	115 (85%)	41*	67	108 (81%)
Mask ventilation	68	32	100 (74%)	14	89	105† (78%)
Supplemental oxygen	46	38	84 (62%)	9	79	89‡ (66%)
Airway suction	39	36	75 (56%)	10	76	87‡ (65%)
Successful intubation	38	40	78 (58%)	10	77	87 (65%)
Surfactant	28	39	67 (50%)	9	66	75 (56%)
Attempted, unsuccessful intubation	20	15	35 (26%)	5	33	38 (28%)
Continuous positive airway pressure	27	17	44 (33%)	–	34	34 (25%)
Cardiac massage	3	3	6 (4%)	3	7	10 (7%)
Umbilical venous catheterisation	1	2	3 (2%)	–	6	6 (4%)
Other	–	1§	1 (1%)	–	–	–

*Placed in plastic bag beside mother, received all other care at roomside; n=14 clamp ≥2 min, n=26 clamp ≤20 s.

†Location not known for two.

‡Location not known for one.

§Packed cell transfusion.