Table 1. Patient Demographics and Clinical Characteristicsa.
| Variables | TIVA group (N = 67) | VO-Group (N = 67) |
|---|---|---|
| Age | 61.3 ± 12.6 | 61.7 ± 12.7 |
| Gender | ||
| Female | 23 (34.3%) | 23 (34.3%) |
| Male | 44 (65.7) | 44 (65.7) |
| ASA classification, No. (%) | ||
| 2 | 6 (9) | 8 (11.9) |
| 3 | 61 (91) | 58 (86.6) |
| 4 | 0 (0) | 1 (1.5%) |
| BMI | 27.1 ± 4.3 | 27.9 ± 5.2 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 3.3 ± 1.6 |
| Preoperative Hemoglobin | 13 ± 1.64 | 12.79 ± 1.93 |
| Type of surgery, No. (%) | ||
| Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 49 (73.1) | 48 (71.6) |
| Distal pancreatectomy | 14 (20.9) | 16 (23.9) |
| Total pancreatectomy | 2 (3) | 1 (1.5) |
| Combined whippleb | 2 (3) | 2 (3) |
| Surgery length, min | 449 ± 141 | 444 ± 169 |
| EBL, mL | 533 ± 335 | 783 ± 820 |
| Median (range) | 450 (100 - 2500) | 550 (100 - 4950) |
| Crystalloid, mL | 2765 ± 824 | 2674 ± 1262 |
| Colloid, mL | 1219 ± 583 | 1378 ± 764 |
| Urine output, mL c | 775 ± 523 | 571 ± 331 |
| Intraoperative Transfusions, No. (%) | ||
| Packed red blood cellsc | 8 (11.9) | 22 (32.8) |
| Fresh frozen plasmac | 0 (0) | 4 (6) |
| Platelets | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.5) |
| Length of stay, days | 11.3 ± 4.5 | 12.9 ± 5.9 |
| Median (range) | 10 (4 - 25) | 11 (5 - 36) |
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Classification; BMI, Body Mass Index; EBL, Estimated Blood Loss.
aValues are expressed as means and standard deviation, or number and percentages unless specified otherwise.
bCombined whipple: patients received whipple operation in addition to either nephrectomy or thoracotomy.
cDenotes statistically significant p values (P < 0.05).