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. 2017 Dec 20;2017:7053465. doi: 10.1155/2017/7053465

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Copyright © 2017 Mellannie P. Stuart et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The CPC spheroids formed in the micromolded nonadhesive hydrogel with 800 μm diameter in each circular recesses showed an increase in TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 synthesis comparing to CPCs monolayer. The CPC spheroids maintained for 2 days (spheroid compaction) in cell spheroid culture showed the highest synthesis of TGF-β1 (a), TGF-β2 (b), and TGF-β3 (c) comparing to the CPC spheroids maintained for 21 days (spontaneous chondrogenesis) and to monolayer (^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.005). TGF-beta: transforming growth factor-beta.