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. 2017 Dec 15;49(12):e411. doi: 10.1038/emm.2017.219

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) rescued serum-starved human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (HUCMSC) from death. (a) Phase-contrast photos of HUCMSCs not co-cultured with ARPE19 cells. Adding recombinant PEDF (rPEDF) resulted in more cells (right panel) than not adding rPEDF (left panel). Scale bar=100 μm. (b) Quantification of HUCMSC cell growth with or without rPEDF. ***P<0.001. (c) TUNEL assays examined apoptotic cell death and were visualized as green spots on day 6 of culture. Scale bar=100 μm. (d) The ratio of TUNEL-positive to DAPI-positive HUCMSCs (percentage) with or without rPEDF. The results were from three independent experiments and are expressed as the mean±s.d. ***P<0.001.