Ig	immunoglobulin
WHO	World Health Organization
IUIS	International Federation of Immunological Societies
AIDs	autoimmune diseases
APS	antiphospholipid syndrome
RA	rheumatoid arthritis
SLE	systemic lupus erythematosus
MS	multiple sclerosis
CD	celiac disease
ELISA	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
POC	point-of-care
MRE	molecular recognition element
EC	electrochemical
NPs	nanoparticles
CNTs	carbon nanotubes
CV	cyclic voltammograms
NRs	nanorods
LOD	limit of detection
SWCNTs	sing-walled carbon nanotubes
MWCNTs	multi-walled carbon nanotube
ITO	indium tin oxide
DPV	pulse voltammetry
SWV	square wave voltammetry
AFP	alpha fetoprotein
HRP	horseradish-peroxidase
PL	photoluminescent
HCV	hepatitis C virus
QDs	quantum dots
FRET	förster resonance energy transfer
cTnI	cardiac Troponin I
cTnT	cardiac troponin T
AFB1	aflatoxin B1
GVA-antigens	grapevine virus A-type proteins
ALD	atomic layer deposition
PEC	photoelectrochemical
g-C3N4	graphitic carbon nitride
CL	chemiluminescence
CEA	carcinoembryonic antigen
CA19-9	cancer antigen 19-9
ECL	electrochemiluminescent
PAMAM	polyamidoamine dendrimer
IFN-γ	interferon-gamma
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-alpha
IL-2	interleukin
FIA	fluidic immunoassay
CCHF	crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever
SPR	surface plasmon resonance
MCL	microcantilever
EIS	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
ACPAs	anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies
GMR	giant magnetoresistive
CSF	human cerebrospinal fluid
GA	gliadin
tTG	tissue transglutaminase