Table 1.

The six known nuclear bodies built on arcRNAs

Nuclear body	arcRNA	Inducing stress or signal	Repetitive sequences in arcRNA	Body proteins	Molecular, cellular, and physiological functions
Paraspeckle	NEAT1	Viral infection, hypoxia, MG132, corpus luteum formation, mammary gland development	Fragments of transposable elements	> 60 proteins including PSPC1a, SFPQa, NONO, RBM14a, HNRNPK, FUSa, DAZAP1a, HNRNPH3a, HNRNPA1a, HNRNPR, HNRNPUL1a, TDP-43a, BRG1b, BRMb, BAF155b (Yamazaki and Hirose, 2015)	Sequestration of RNA-binding proteins and transcription factors. Retention of mouse CTN RNA. Suppression of apoptosis under certain stresses, induction of antiviral genes upon viral infection, corpus luteum formation, establishment of pregnancy, mammary gland development, lactation
Amyloid body	IGS	Acidosis, heat shock, transcriptional stress	Ribosomal DNA repeats	VHL, DNMT1, POLD1, HSP70, MDM2, RPA40, RPA16, NOL1, NOM1, NOP52, PES1, RRP1B, SENP3	Immobilization of body proteins, activation of HIF. Arrest of ribosome biogenesis
Nuclear stress body	Satellite III	Heat shock, cadmium	Satellite III repeats	SRSF1, SAFB, TDP-43a, HSF1, NFAT5a, BRG1b	Sequestration of RNA-binding proteins and transcription factors
Histone locus body	Histone mRNA precursor	Interphase, especially G1 and S phases	Unknown	FLASH, LSM10, LSM11, SLBP, SYMPLEKIN	Processing of histone pre-mRNAs
Omega speckle	Hsr omega	Heat shock, amides, ecdysone hormone	Tandem repeats of 280 nt for 10 kb	Nonaa, Sex-lethala, sans fille, PEPa, Hrb87Fa, Hrp40a, Hrb57Aa, ISWIb	Normal development (Nullisomy animals are embryonic lethal or extremely weak)
Mei2 dot	meiRNA	Entry into meiosis	U(U/C)AAAC	Mei2, Mmi1	Sequestration of RNA-binding proteins Progression of meiosis I via derepressing transcription of meiosis-specific genes, and suppressing degradation of meiosis-specific mRNAs

^aProteins containing prion-like domains.

^bChromatin remodeling complex protein.