Table 1.
Nuclear body | arcRNA | Inducing stress or signal | Repetitive sequences in arcRNA | Body proteins | Molecular, cellular, and physiological functions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paraspeckle | NEAT1 | Viral infection, hypoxia, MG132, corpus luteum formation, mammary gland development | Fragments of transposable elements | > 60 proteins including PSPC1a, SFPQa, NONO, RBM14a, HNRNPK, FUSa, DAZAP1a, HNRNPH3a, HNRNPA1a, HNRNPR, HNRNPUL1a, TDP-43a, BRG1b, BRMb, BAF155b (Yamazaki and Hirose, 2015) | Sequestration of RNA-binding proteins and transcription factors. Retention of mouse CTN RNA. Suppression of apoptosis under certain stresses, induction of antiviral genes upon viral infection, corpus luteum formation, establishment of pregnancy, mammary gland development, lactation |
Amyloid body | IGS | Acidosis, heat shock, transcriptional stress | Ribosomal DNA repeats | VHL, DNMT1, POLD1, HSP70, MDM2, RPA40, RPA16, NOL1, NOM1, NOP52, PES1, RRP1B, SENP3 | Immobilization of body proteins, activation of HIF. Arrest of ribosome biogenesis |
Nuclear stress body | Satellite III | Heat shock, cadmium | Satellite III repeats | SRSF1, SAFB, TDP-43a, HSF1, NFAT5a, BRG1b | Sequestration of RNA-binding proteins and transcription factors |
Histone locus body | Histone mRNA precursor | Interphase, especially G1 and S phases | Unknown | FLASH, LSM10, LSM11, SLBP, SYMPLEKIN | Processing of histone pre-mRNAs |
Omega speckle | Hsr omega | Heat shock, amides, ecdysone hormone | Tandem repeats of 280 nt for 10 kb | Nonaa, Sex-lethala, sans fille, PEPa, Hrb87Fa, Hrp40a, Hrb57Aa, ISWIb | Normal development (Nullisomy animals are embryonic lethal or extremely weak) |
Mei2 dot | meiRNA | Entry into meiosis | U(U/C)AAAC | Mei2, Mmi1 | Sequestration of RNA-binding proteins Progression of meiosis I via derepressing transcription of meiosis-specific genes, and suppressing degradation of meiosis-specific mRNAs |
Proteins containing prion-like domains.
Chromatin remodeling complex protein.