Table 1.
Sample characteristics.
| Variables | All Patients (N = 331) | Low Adherence (N = 241) | High Adherence (N = 90) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N, % | N, % | N, % | ||
| Sex | Phi = 1.00, p = 0.318 | |||
| Female | 158 (47.73) | 111 (46.06) | 47 (52.22) | |
| Male | 173 (52.27) | 130 (53.94) | 43 (47.78) | |
| Age | 57.23 ± 11.43 | 56.88 ± 11.41 | 58.17 ± 11.50 | t = −0.91, p = 0.363 |
| Marital status | Phi = 0.21, p = 0.649 | |||
| Single | 86 (25.98) | 61 (25.31) | 25 (27.78) | |
| Married | 245 (74.02) | 180 (74.69) | 65 (72.22) | |
| Family income | 9.85 ± 10.61 | 10.09 ± 11.84 | 9.23 ± 6.26 | t = 0.65, p = 0.517 |
| Education level | Cramer’s V = 0.07, p = 0.483 | |||
| ≤6 years | 37 (11.18) | 30 (12.45) | 7 (7.78) | |
| 6–12 years | 122 (36.86) | 88 (36.51) | 34 (37.78) | |
| ≥12 years | 172 (51.96) | 123 (51.04) | 49 (54.44) | |
| Employment status | Cramer’s V = 0.12, p = 0.079 | |||
| Employed | 120 (36.36) | 96 (40) | 24 (26.67) | |
| Unemployed | 17 (5.15) | 12 (5) | 5 (5.56) | |
| Retired | 193 (58.48) | 132 (55) | 61 (67.78) | |
| Insurance type | Cramer’s V = 0.15, p = 0.070 | |||
| GIS | 105 (31.82) | 68 (28.33) | 37 (41.11) | |
| UEMI | 95 (28.79) | 73 (30.42) | 22 (24.44) | |
| NCMS | 77 (23.33) | 55 (22.92) | 22 (24.44) | |
| Other insurance | 53 (16.06) | 44 (18.33) | 9 (10) | |
| Reimbursement ratio: | 77.25 ± 24.39 | 74.85 ± 26.14 | 83.66 ± 17.54 | t = −3.52, p = 0.001 |
| BMI | 24.99 ± 3.16 | 25.17 ± 3.31 | 24.52 ± 2.70 | t = 1.68, p = 0.094 |
| Duration of DM | Cramer’s V = 0.03, p = 0.871 | |||
| ≤5 years | 137 (41.39) | 100 (41.49) | 37 (41.11) | |
| 6–15 years | 168 (50.76) | 121 (50.21) | 47 (52.22) | |
| ≥16 years | 26 (7.85) | 20 (8.30) | 6 (6.67) | |
| No of Diabetes complications | 2.18 ± 1.78 | 2.42 ± 1.83 | 1.54 ± 1.47 | t = −4.50, p = 0.000 |
| Social support | 31.74 ± 5.28 | 31.36 ± 5.23 | 32.73 ± 5.31 | t = −2.11, p = 0.036 |
| Subjective support | 16.49 ± 3.45 | 16.22 ± 3.28 | 17.21 ± 3.80 | t = −2.34, p = 0.020 |
| Objective support | 8.08 ± 1.93 | 8.05 ± 1.99 | 8.14 ± 1.76 | t = −0.40, p = 0.692 |
| Support utilization | 7.15 ± 1.36 | 7.07 ± 1.34 | 7.38 ± 1.40 | t = −1.85, p = 0.065 |