Table 2.
Predictors of Invasive Obstetric Procedurea Use at Delivery
| N = 449b | Invasive Procedure | OR (95% CI) | P | aOR (95% CI) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes, n (%)c | No, n (%)c | |||||
| HSV-2/GH Status | ||||||
| Uninfected | 149 (76.4) | 203 (79.9) | Ref | .08d | Ref | .25d |
| Antiviral suppression | 35 (13.8) | 22 (11.3) | 1.17 (0.66–2.07) | .60 | 1.45 (0.77–2.72) | .26 |
| No antiviral suppression | 16 (6.3) | 24 (12.3) | 0.49 (0.25–0.95) | .04 | 0.69 (0.34–1.41) | .31 |
| Age (Years) | ||||||
| ≤20 | 24 (9.5) | 8 (4.1) | Ref | <.001d | Ref | .01d |
| 21 to 38 | 222 (87.4) | 163 (83.6) | 0.45 (0.20–1.04) | .06 | 0.51 (0.21–1.25) | .14 |
| ≥39 | 8 (3.2) | 24 (12.3) | 0.11 (0.04–0.35) | <.001 | 0.15 (0.05–0.50) | .002 |
| Race (n = 440) | ||||||
| White | 152 (61.5) | 140 (72.5) | Ref | .01d | Ref | .03d |
| Asian | 47 (19) | 23 (11.9) | 1.88 (1.09–3.26) | .02 | 1.84 (1.04–3.25) | .04 |
| African American | 32 (13) | 29 (15) | 1.02 (0.59–1.77) | .95 | 1.17 (0.64–2.14) | .62 |
| Biracial/Other | 16 (6.5) | 1 (0.5) | 14.74 (1.93–112.6) | .01 | 11.35 (1.46–88.5) | .02 |
| Hispanic (n = 434) | 25 (10.2) | 19 (10.1) | 1.02 (0.54–1.91) | .96 | ||
| Married (n = 446) | 186 (73.8) | 139 (71.7) | 1.11 (0.73–1.70) | .61 | ||
| Multiparous | 110 (43.3) | 108 (55.4) | 0.62 (0.422–0.90) | .01 | 0.65 (0.42–0.99) | .05 |
| High-riske | 134 (52.8) | 105 (53.9) | 0.96 (0.66–1.39) | .82 | ||
| Obesity | 30 (11.8) | 24 (12.3) | 0.95 (0.54–1.69) | .87 | ||
| Multiple gest. (n = 442) | 6 (2.4) | 18 (9.5) | 0.23 (0.09–0.60) | .003 | ||
| Other STDf | 21 (8.3) | 23 (11.8) | 0.67 (0.36–1.26) | .22 | ||
| GBS positive (n = 421) | 69 (28.8) | 57 (31.5) | 0.88 (0.58–1.34) | .54 | ||
| Premature | 37 (14.6) | 53 (27.2) | 0.46 (0.29–0.73) | .001 | 0.43 (0.26–0.72) | .001 |
| Failure to progress | 42 (16.5) | 16 (8.2) | 2.22 (1.21–4.08) | .01 | 1.98 (1.03–3.82) | .04 |
| Fetal distress | 22 (8.7) | 25 (12.8) | 0.65 (0.35–1.18) | .16 | ||
| Placental abruption | 2 (0.8) | 5 (2.6) | 0.30 (0.06–1.57) | .16 | ||
| Induction of labor | 58 (22.8) | 42 (21.5) | 1.08 (0.69–1.69) | .74 | ||
Abbreviations: aOR, odds ratio adjusted for age, race, multiparity, prematurity, failure to progress in labor; CI, confidence interval; GBS, group B streptococcus culture; gest., gestation; HSV-2/GH, herpes simplex virus type 2 seropositive or clinical history of genital herpes; OR, odds ratio; Ref, reference category; STD, sexually transmitted disease.
Fetal scalp electrode, artificial rupture of membranes, intrauterine pressure catheter, vacuum extraction or forceps extraction.
Except where noted otherwise.
Percentages may not sum to 100% because of rounding.
Global P value for all categories.
Asthma, diabetes, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, renal or cardiac disease, intrauterine growth restriction, oligohydramnios, congenital anomaly.
Syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, or human papillomavirus diagnosed during pregnancy.