| BAC | benzalkonium chloride |
| ERG | electroretinogram |
| H.E. | hematoxylin and eosin |
| HPβCD | 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin |
| HPLC | high performance liquid chromatography |
| MC | methylcellulose |
| NIL | nilvadipine |
| NILnano | ophthalmic formulations containing nilvadipine nanoparticles |
| OP | oscillatory potentials |
| PLGA | poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide) |
| S.E. | standard error of the mean |
| STZ rat | streptozotocin-induced rat |
| VDCC | voltage-dependent calcium channel |