Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 3.
Published in final edited form as: Vaccine. 2016 Apr 24;34(24):2671–2678. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.039

Table 4.

Demographics associated with reasons for non-vaccination, children, 2011–12 influenza season, National Flu Survey*, United States.

Reason for non-vaccination
Demographics Unvaccinated Allergic to
the vaccine		 Don’t like
needles/
shots		 Concerns
about
getting the
flu from the
vaccination		 Concerns
about side
effects
from the
vaccine		 Have an
ongoing
health
condition		 Never get
the flu		 Unlikely to
get very sick
from the flu		 Not in a
high risk
group		 Think flu
vaccines do
not work
very well		 Don’t trust
government/
doctors		 The vaccine
costs too
much		 Didn’t
have time
% APR† APR ARP APR APR APR APR APR APR APR APR APR
Age group:
  6m- 4years 33.4 Ref [3]b Ref [21] Ref [33] Ref [46] Ref [3] Ref [16] Ref [27] Ref [31] Ref [35] Ref [22] Ref [2] Ref [11]
  5–12 years 42.3 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.9 2.2 1.6 1.0 0.8 1.0 3.8 1.6
  13–17 years 57.1 0.3 1.0 0.8 0.6 1.8 2.7 1.8 1.3 0.7 1.0 3.1 1.6
Gender:
  Male 44.1 Ref [3] Ref [25] Ref [28] Ref [37] Ref [6] Ref [33] Ref [42] Ref [37] Ref [29] Ref [24] Ref [5] Ref [16]
  Female 44.8 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.1
  Race/ethnicity:
Hispanic 35.7 0.7 0.6 1.1 1.0 3.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.7
  Black, non-Hispanic 45.8 1.6 0.7 1.7 1.2 1.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 1.1 1.3 0.4 1.2
  White, non-Hispanic 49.5 Ref [2] Ref [26] Ref [25] Ref [34] Ref [3] Ref [35] Ref [44] Ref [39] Ref [27] Ref [21] Ref [6] Ref [15]
  Other, non-Hispanic 31.7 0.9 1.2 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.6 1.0
Income‡:
  Above poverty, >$75000/year 43.6 Ref [2] Ref [19] Ref [23] Ref [27] Ref [2] Ref [36] Ref [44] Ref [39] Ref [24] Ref [16] Ref [3] Ref [17]
  Above poverty, ≤$75,000/year 49.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.3 3.0 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.3 1.7 2.3 1.0
  At or below poverty 37.6 0.8 1.8 1.6 1.6 5.6 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.8 4.0 1.1
  Not reported 46.9 1.6 1.5 0.9 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.1
MSAa
  MSA, principle city 39.9 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 0.8 0.9 0.6 1.0
  MSA, not principle city 46.4 0.6 1.2 1.1 1.2 2.0 0.9 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.6 1.2
  Non-MSA 49.4 Ref [2] Ref [21] Ref [27] Ref [30] Ref [3] Ref [37] Ref [43] Ref [29] Ref [31] Ref [22] Ref [8] Ref [16]
*

Based on interviews conducted March 1–29, 2012.

†

Adjusted prevalence ratio (APR); estimates in bold are statistically significantly different from the referent (P < 0.05); one logistic regression model was performed for each reason with all demographic variables listed in the table included in the model; the table shows results from 12 separate models.

‡

The income/poverty level variable was defined based on total family income in the past calendar year, and the U.S. Census poverty thresholds for that year specified for the applicable family size and number of children <18 years. Poverty thresholds are available at http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/data/threshld/index.html

a

MSA = Metropolitan statistical area.

b

The adjusted prevalence (%) for those in the referent group reporting the reason for non-vaccination is given in parentheses to aid the interpretation of the APRs.