Table 1.
Means, standard deviations, and frequencies of demographic, medical, and treatment variables by study group
| Variable | n | Control | Intervention | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 240 | 50.99 (9.06) | 49.69 (8.98) | .27 |
| Race/ethnicity | 239 | .64 | ||
| White non-Hispanic | 74 (61.7 %) | 78 (65.0 %) | ||
| Hispanic | 31 (26.1 %) | 30 (25.0 %) | ||
| African American | 10 (8.4 %) | 11 (9.2 %) | ||
| Asian | 4 (3.4 %) | 1 (.8 %) | ||
| Employment status | 240 | .38 | ||
| Not employed | 28 (23.3 %) | 34 (28.3 %) | ||
| Employed | 92 (76.7 %) | 86 (71.7 %) | ||
| Education (years) | 15.47 (2.26) | 15.69 (2.5) | .47 | |
| Income (thousands of dollars) | 213 | 78.85 (68.27) | 80.45 (66.11) | .86 |
| Partnered status | 240 | 1.00 | ||
| Not partnered | 45 (37.5 %) | 45 (37.5 %) | ||
| Partnered | 75 (62.5 %) | 75 (62.5 %) | ||
| Menopausal status | 240 | .90 | ||
| Premenopausal | 53 (44.2 %) | 54 (45.0 %) | ||
| Postmenopausal | 67 (55.8 %) | 66 (55.0 %) | ||
| Stage | 239 | .48 | ||
| 0 | 24 (20.0 %) | 18 (15.1 %) | ||
| I | 44 (36.7 %) | 39 (32.8 %) | ||
| II | 43 (35.8 %) | 48 (40.3 %) | ||
| III | 9 (7.5 %) | 14 (11.8 %) | ||
| Early vs. invasive stage | 239 | .41 | ||
| 0 | 23 (19.2 %) | 18 (15.0 %) | ||
| I, II, III | 97 (80.8 %) | 101 (84.2 %) | ||
| Positive lymph nodes | 1.56 (3.60) | 1.45 (2.97) | .79 | |
| Size of tumor | 122 | 1.65 (1.14) | 3.76 (12.93) | .19 |
| Size of tumor (log-transformed) | 122 | 0.23 (0.81) | 0.55 (0.90) | .04 |
| ER status | 198 | .17 | ||
| Positive | 78 (83.0 %) | 78 (75.0 %) | ||
| Negative | 16 (17.0 %) | 26 (25.0 %) | ||
| PR status | 178 | .75 | ||
| Positive | 55 (64.7 %) | 58 (62.4 %) | ||
| Negative | 30 (35.3 %) | 35 (37.6 %) | ||
| HER2/neu status | 119 | .24 | ||
| Positive | 10 (17.2 %) | 16 (26.2 %) | ||
| Negative | 48 (82.8 %) | 45 (73.8 %) | ||
| Procedure type | 240 | .07 | ||
| Lumpectomy | 68 (56.7 %) | 54 (45.0 %) | ||
| Mastectomy | 52 (43.3 %) | 66 (55.0 %) | ||
| Received chemotherapy | 230 | .06 | ||
| Yes | 57 (49.1 %) | 70 (61.4 %) | ||
| No | 59 (50.9 %) | 44 (38.6 %) | ||
| Received radiation therapy | 226 | .59 | ||
| Yes | 69 (61.1 %) | 65 (57.5 %) | ||
| No | 44 (38.9 %) | 48 (42.5 %) | ||
| Received endocrine therapy | 228 | .35 | ||
| Yes | 78 (67.8 %) | 83 (73.5 %) | ||
| No | 37 (32.2 %) | 30 (26.5 %) | ||
| Body mass index (BMI) | 134 | 26.60 (6.16) | 26.63 (5.26) | .97 |
| BMI categories | 134 | .30a | ||
| Underweight | 0 (0.0 %) | 1 (1.6 %) | ||
| Normal | 33 (45.25 %) | 30 (49.2 %) | ||
| Overweight | 28 (38.4 %) | 16 (26.2 %) | ||
| Obese | 12 (16.4 %) | 14 (23.0 %) |
ER estrogen receptor, PR progesterone receptor, HER2/neu human epidermal growth factor receptor