Figure 7. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), B cell-activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) were co-expressed in follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) located within tonsillar germinal centers (GCs) of IgAN patients.

Double immunofluorescence for AID (red) and CD21 (green); BAFF (red) and CD21 (green); and APRIL (red) and CD21 (green) was performed in GCs from IgAN patients. Bars, 100 μm. n = 20 for IgAN patients with Tripterygium Wilfordii treatment, n = 20 for IgAN patients without treatment and n = 20 for non-IgAN patients with chronic tonsillitis.