Table 4.
Full and subgroup meta-analyses on medical consumption
| Comparison | No. of estimates included (no. unique studies) | % of people (95% CI) | I 2% |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sharing with (at least 1) HCP | 8 (8) (Bloss et al. 2013; Gordon et al. 2012; Kaphingst et al. 2012; Kaufman et al. 2012; Lee et al. 2013; McGrath et al. 2016; McGuire et al. 2009; van der Wouden et al. 2016) | 33 (18–48) | 99.4 |
| Real customers | 5 (5) (Kaufman et al. 2012; Lee et al. 2013; McGrath et al. 2016; McGuire et al. 2009; van der Wouden et al. 2016) | 35 (25–46) | 95.9 |
| Not real customers | 3 (3) (Bloss et al. 2013; Gordon et al. 2012; Kaphingst et al. 2012) | 27 (0–58) | 99.7 |
| Full price | 5 (5) (Kaufman et al. 2012; Lee et al. 2013; McGrath et al. 2016; McGuire et al. 2009; van der Wouden et al. 2016) | 35 (25–46) | 95.9 |
| Reduced price | 1 (1) (Bloss et al. 2013) | – | – |
| Free | 2 (2) (Gordon et al. 2012; Kaphingst et al. 2012) | 1 (0–3) | – |
| Sharing with general practitioner | 2 (2) (Kaufman et al. 2012; van der Wouden et al. 2016) | 23 (21–25) | – |
| Real customers | 2 (2) (Kaufman et al. 2012; van der Wouden et al. 2016) | 23 (21–25) | – |
| Not real customers | – | – | – |
| Full price | 2 (2) (Kaufman et al. 2012; van der Wouden et al. 2016) | 23 (21–25) | – |
| Reduced price | – | – | – |
| Free | – | – | – |
| Sharing with genetic specialist | 3 (3) (Bloss et al. 2013; Kaufman et al. 2012; van der Wouden et al. 2016) | 5 (1–10) | 98.9 |
| Real customers | 2 (2) (Kaufman et al. 2012; van der Wouden et al. 2016) | 1 (1–2) | – |
| Not real customers | 1 (1) (Bloss et al. 2013) | – | – |
| Full price | 2 (2) (Kaufman et al. 2012; van der Wouden et al. 2016) | 1 (1–2) | – |
| Reduced price | 1 (1) (Bloss et al. 2013) | – | – |
| Free | – | – | – |
| Sharing with family and/or friends | 6 (3) (Kaphingst et al. 2012; Lee et al. 2013; McGrath et al. 2016) | 50 (14–85) | 99.6 |
| Real customers | 4 (2) (Lee et al. 2013; McGrath et al. 2016) | 65 (32–98) | 99.0 |
| Not real customers | 2 (1) (Kaphingst et al. 2012) | 19 (15–23) | – |
| Full price | 4 (2) (Lee et al. 2013; McGrath et al. 2016) | 65 (32–98) | 99.0 |
| Reduced price | – | – | – |
| Free | 2 (1) (Kaphingst et al. 2012) | 19 (15–23) | – |
| Preventive checks | 2 (2) (Egglestone et al. 2013; Kaufman et al. 2012) | 7 (5–8) | – |
| Real customers | 2 (2) (Egglestone et al. 2013; Kaufman et al. 2012) | 7 (5–8) | – |
| Not real customers | – | – | – |
| Full price | 2 (2) (Egglestone et al. 2013; Kaufman et al. 2012) | 7 (5–8) | – |
| Reduced price | – | – | – |
| Free | – | – | – |
– = not calculated, available or appropriate
CI confidence interval, HCP health care professional