Figure 5.

QL attenuates cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis via PPARγ. (A) PPARγ inhibitor abolishes the effects of QL in decreasing cardiac fibrosis. (B) PPARγ inhibitor decreases the expression of PPARγ and PPARγ activator increases the expression of PPARγ. (B) Masson trichrome staining for cardiac fibrosis, 400× magnification. (C) PPARγ inhibitor abolishes the effects of QL in decreasing apoptosis as indicated by the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc test (A and B), independent-samples t-test was used for comparisons between two groups (C) and expressed as the mean ± SEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. n=3 per group.