Figure 1.

Paradigm for incorporating non-culture tests into antifungal treatment strategies against invasive candidiasis (IC). The paradigm can be applied to pre-emptive or prophylactic antifungal strategies. Treatment decisions are made at two stages, in response to non-culture test results and non-culture results combined with blood cultures, respectively. The viability of the paradigm depends upon positive and negative predictive values (PPVs and NPVs) at each stage. By applying data from Table 2, clinical settings in which non-culture test-driven strategies are likely to be useful can be identified (Table 3).