. 2018 Jan 3;11:4. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2581-y

Table 2.

Resistance bioassay results of larval Aedes albopictus in urban, suburban and rural settings in Guangzhou, China. Sites in the same column connected by different letters represent a significant difference in resistance levels at P < 0.05

Location	Population name	Bti		Deltamethrin		Propoxur		Malathion
Location	Population name	LC₅₀ (95% CI) (mg/l)	RR₅₀	LC₅₀ (95% CI) (mg/l)	RR₅₀	LC₅₀ (95% CI) (mg/l)	RR₅₀	LC₅₀ (95% CI) (mg/l)	RR₅₀
Urban	UBT	0.016 (0.009–0.026)	0.4	0.016 (0.010–0.026)^bc	16.0*	2.29 (1.58–3.06)^ab	2.6*	0.177 (0.159–0.198)	1.3
Urban	UYS	0.035 (0.030–0.040)	1.0	0.038 (0.032–0.046)^a	38.0*	3.29 (2.47–4.39)^a	3.7*	0.260 (0.227–0.301)	1.9
Suburban	SBL	0.038 (0.024–0.058)	1.1	0.017 (0.014–0.022)^b	17.0*	1.52 (1.09–2.08)^c	1.7	0.109 (0.096–0.125)	0.8
Suburban	SPX	0.016 (0.012–0.021)	0.4	0.011 (0.009–0.013)^c	11.0*	2.14 (1.89–2.40)^b	2.4*	0.099 (0.088–0.113)	0.7
Rural	RDS	0.014 (0.007–0.002)	0.4	0.014 (0.007–0.024)^bc	14.0*	1.41 (1.25–1.59)^c	1.6	0.145 (0.106–0.204)	1.1
Rural	RPL	0.014 (0.009–0.021)	0.4	0.022 (0.020–0.026)^b	22.0*	2.87 (2.53–3.19)^a	3.3*	0.217 (0.171–0.282)	1.6
Lab strain	LSS	0.036 (0.028–0.047)	1	0.001 (0.001–0.001)	1	0.879 (0.802–0.952)	1	0.134 (0.121–0.149)	1

Abbreviations: LC₅₀ lethal concentration that kills 50% of the population (mg/l), RR₅₀ resistant ratio, LC₅₀ field population/LC₅₀ susceptible strain, Bti 7000 ITU/mg

*Significant resistance compared to the laboratory susceptible strain as indicated by at least a 2-fold higher RR₅₀ value relative to the laboratory susceptible strain