Table 2.
BAL fluid cellular composition following intratracheal instillation of 162 μg of TiO2, CeO2 or CB NPs 1, 28 and 180 days post-exposure
| BAL fluid cellular composition after day 1 | ||||
| Control | TiO2 | CeO2 | CB | |
| Total cells (× 105) | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 2.5 ± 0.9** | 3.4 ± 1.1*** | 2.4 ± 1.0** |
| Neutrophils (× 104) | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 20.2 ± 8.5*** | 26.1 ± 9.5*** | 20.1 ± 8.3*** |
| Macrophages (× 104) | 9.0 ± 5.7 | 4.5 ± 1.9 | 6.1 ± 1.5 | 2.9 ± 1.5** |
| Lymphocytes (× 102) | 1.9 ± 2.9 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 7.1 ± 7.9 | 0.0 ± 0.0 |
| Eosinophils (×103) | 0.0 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 2.5** | 13.3 ± 9.2*** | 7.6 ± 6.8** |
| BAL fluid cellular composition after day 28 | ||||
| Control | TiO2 | CeO2 | CB | |
| Total cells (× 105) | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.8 |
| Neutrophils (×104) | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 1.9 ± 0.9* | 2.6 ± 1.6** | 3.8 ± 1.7*** |
| Macrophages (×104) | 7.9 ± 2.0 | 9.3 ± 2.3 | 12.9 ± 5.5 | 11.9 ± 5.5 |
| Lymphocytes (×102) | 8.5 ± 13.7 | 35.5 ± 44.3 | 28.3 ± 55.4 | 53.7 ± 78.1 |
| Eosinophils (×103) | 51.2 ± 39.3 | 0.1 ± 0.2** | 0.2 ± 0.3* | 0.0 ± 0.0*** |
| BAL fluid cellular composition after day 180 | ||||
| Control | TiO2 | CeO2 | CB | |
| Total cells (× 105) | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.6 |
| Neutrophils (×104) | 0.3 ± 0.4 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.7 |
| Macrophages (×104) | 7.0 ± 2.9 | 9.4 ± 2.1 | 8.4 ± 2.9 | 11.9 ± 4.9 |
| Lymphocytes (×102) | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.5 ± 1.1 | 0.0 ± 0.0 |
| Eosinophils (×103) | 0.3 ± 0.4 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 4.9 ± 6.8 | 4.9 ± 4.4 |
Particle exposed groups n = 6, vehicle control n = 6. All values are presented as mean ± SD. An asterisk (*) denotes P ≤ 0.05, (**) P ≤ 0.01, (***) P ≤ 0.001 of statistically significantly different cells level in exposed groups versus vehicle control