TABLE 2.
Intraoperative and Immediate Postoperative Results
| Attribute | Outcome |
| Umbilical incision size (mm)—average | 10.1 |
| Grasper application times (sec) | |
| Time between grasper introduction and correct position and release—average (SD) | 23 (19) |
| Time between correct position and coupling with external magnet—average (SD) | 50 (60) |
| Procedure times (min) | |
| Overall procedure time—average (SD) | 63 (19) |
| Grasper times (min) | |
| Time magnetic grasper in abdomen—average (SD) | 36 (0:12) |
| Time magnetic grasper coupled with magnetic controller—average (SD) | 34 (0:12) |
| Device ease of use | |
| Yes | 50 |
| No | 0 |
| Quality of exposure | |
| Excellent | 45 |
| Sufficient | 5 |
| Insufficient | 0 |
| Device malfunctions | |
| Yes | 0 |
| No | 50 |
| Conversions (%) | |
| Open surgery | 0 |
| Four (4)-port surgery | 1* |
| Estimated blood loss (mL) | |
| Number of subjects with blood loss | 32 |
| Average within all subjects (SD), n = 50 | 7 (11) |
| Average within subjects with blood loss (SD), n = 32 | 11 (11) |
| Estimated bile spilled (mL) | |
| Number of subjects with bile spilled | 6 |
| Average within all subjects (SD), n = 50 | 5 (18) |
| Average within subjects with bile spilled (SD), n = 6 | 39 (41) |
| PACU Time (min)—average (SD) | 137 (58) |
| Pain scores | |
| 0 Hours postprocedure—average (min, max), n = 48 | 1.0 (0, 6) |
| 3 Hours postprocedure—average (min, max), n = 50 | 1.8 (0, 8) |
| 6 Hours postprocedure—average (min, max), n = 50 | 1.5 (0, 6) |
| At discharge—average (min, max), n = 50 | 1.3 (0, 4) |
| External abdominal wall evaluation (at 6 hours postop) | |
| Normal | 50 |
| Redness | 0 |
| Bruising | 0 |
| Other | 0 |
*Converted after the use of device was complete.
PACU indicates postanesthesia care unit; SD, standard deviation.