Changes in expression of γ-H2AX and pATM in operators’ lymphocytes in response to radiation exposure during EVAR.
A, Expression of γ-H2AX in operators’ lymphocytes before, immediately after, and 24 hours after open aortic repair (n=14) and EVAR (all IEVAR and BEVAR/FEVAR procedures grouped together [n=31]). B, Expression of pATM in operators’ lymphocytes before, immediately after, and 24 hours after open aortic repair (n=14) and EVAR (n=31). C, γ-H2AX expression during the peri-operative period of BEVAR/FEVAR (n=16) compared with IEVAR (n=15). D, pATM expression during the peri-operative period of BEVAR/FEVAR (n=16) compared with IEVAR (n=15). E, Correlation between fold change increase in γ-H2AX expression and DAP (n=31). F, Correlation between fold change increase in pATM levels and DAP (n=31). G, Correlation between fold change increase in γ-H2AX levels and fluoroscopy time (n=31). H, Correlation between fold change increase in pATM levels and fluoroscopy time (n=31). None of the operators studied wore leg shielding during these procedures. γ-H2AX indicates gamma H2AX; BEVAR, branched endovascular aortic repair; EVAR, endovascular aortic repair; FEVAR, fenestrated endovascular aortic repair; IEVAR, infrarenal endovascular aortic repair; and pATM, phosphorylated ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein. *P<0.05.