Fig. 3.

Equilibrium with constant payoff differences. The equilibrium frequency of trait that is initially associated with immigrants (type I) when it has a payoff advantage (immigrant advantage, right) or a payoff disadvantage (resident advantage, left). Both lines and colours depict the equilibrium frequencies of the immigrant trait as calculated using the analytical model. Solid lines show the boundary between the coexistence equilibrium and the equilibrium where the type I trait becomes fixed ($p_i^{*}=1$). In both graphs c_r = 0.95, W ₀ = 1 and m = 0.01