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Concentration of individual metals at equilibrium (mg/dm3) for modified and unmodified straw, including a standard deviation for each of the results
| Mg2+ (± SD) | Ca2+ (± SD) | Na+ (± SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unmodified straw | 4.5 ± 0.17 | 22.8 ± 3.26 | 1.2 ± 0.19 |
| Straw after citric acid modification | 0.7 ± 0.09 | 3.2 ± 0.48 | 122.6 ± 18.21 |
| Straw after methanol modification | 0.8 ± 0.17 | 4.7 ± 0.33 | 3.2 ± 0.71 |
