Table 2.
Patient profile and summary of glycemic variations according to glycated hemoglobin level
| Group6–7 | Group7–8 | Group8–9 | Group9–10 | Group≥10 | P‐trenda | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean glucose level (mg/dL) | 144.2 ± 31.9 | 156.8 ± 26.3 | 164.3 ± 32.9 | 181.3 ± 39.2 | 210.0 ± 59.6 | <0.01 |
| SD (mg/dL) | 31.4 ± 13.8 | 33.7 ± 14.3 | 36.5 ± 12.1 | 39.6 ± 15.3 | 39.7 ± 11.9 | <0.01 |
| MAGE (mg/dL) | 90.1 ± 25.0 | 97.3 ± 32.3 | 98.2 ± 25.0 | 105.6 ± 26.2 | 97.9 ± 23.5 | 0.05 |
| Maximum glucose level (mg/dL) | 222.5 ± 54.8 | 236.0 ± 53.5 | 250.4 ± 48.5 | 267.2 ± 67.9 | 298.1 ± 66.8 | <0.01 |
| Minimum glucose level (mg/dL) | 95.8 ± 23.1 | 102.4 ± 23.8 | 103.5 ± 29.7 | 120.6 ± 37.9 | 142.5 ± 47.4 | <0.01 |
| AUC >180 (mg/dL) | 7.3 ± 17.4 | 9.7 ± 11.6 | 13.1 ± 17.5 | 23.2 ± 27.5 | 44.3 ± 45.7 | <0.01 |
| Percentage of AUC >180 (%) | 16.9 ± 19.9 | 25.6 ± 21.0 | 32.0 ± 24.8 | 39.8 ± 27.6 | 59.8 ± 33.1 | <0.01 |
| AOC <70 (mg/dL) | 0.03 ± 0.14 | 0.01 ± 0.04 | 0.07 ± 0.31 | 0 | 0 | 0.37 |
| Percentage of AOC<70 (%) | 0.35 ± 1.40 | 0.26 ± 1.18 | 1.06 ± 4.11 | 0 | 0 | 0.35 |
| Pre‐meal glucose level (mg/dL) | ||||||
| Breakfast | 124.5 ± 23.5 | 138.7 ± 27.2 | 139.2 ± 34.8 | 160.0 ± 36.7 | 180.0 ± 50.8 | <0.01 |
| Lunch | 130.5 ± 40.4 | 151.3 ± 37.5 | 162.2 ± 43.6 | 174.3 ± 47.7 | 204.2 ± 75.4 | <0.01 |
| Dinner | 126.3 ± 44.2 | 134.4 ± 26.8 | 144.3 ± 34.7 | 157.9 ± 45.4 | 168.5 ± 60.0 | <0.01 |
| Postprandial peak glucose (mg/dL) | ||||||
| Breakfast | 202.9 ± 44.5 | 224.5 ± 47.0 | 227.9 ± 51.2 | 250.6 ± 62.1 | 275.6 ± 70.7 | <0.01 |
| Lunch | 188.5 ± 58.9 | 203.5 ± 44.8 | 215.8 ± 47.1 | 234.2 ± 64.4 | 263.1 ± 75.2 | <0.01 |
| Dinner | 202.9 ± 48.6 | 216.8 ± 39.8 | 227.1 ± 49.6 | 241.5 ± 64.8 | 262.0 ± 65.7 | <0.01 |
| Range of increase in postprandial glucose from pre‐meal (mg/dL) | ||||||
| Breakfast | 78.4 ± 36.7 | 85.8 ± 42.5 | 88.7 ± 41.7 | 90.7 ± 51.2 | 96.0 ± 48.0 | 0.03 |
| Lunch | 58.0 ± 40.0 | 52.1 ± 38.3 | 53.7 ± 29.2 | 59.9 ± 44.0 | 58.9 ± 31.9 | 0.53 |
| Dinner | 76.7 ± 36.7 | 82.4 ± 39.6 | 82.8 ± 41.4 | 83.6 ± 49.5 | 93.4 ± 39.8 | 0.05 |
| Time to glucose peaks (min) | ||||||
| Breakfast | 83.6 ± 33.2 | 109.9 ± 53.0 | 117.0 ± 56.2 | 111.8 ± 47.3 | 100.4 ± 41.2 | 0.11 |
| Lunch | 95.1 ± 56.9 | 86.9 ± 67.1 | 104.2 ± 65.0 | 99.5 ± 68.5 | 78.2 ± 37.8 | 0.42 |
| Dinner | 98.3 ± 51.7 | 105.2 ± 44.7 | 107.7 ± 54.8 | 95.1 ± 54.2 | 88.5 ± 34.6 | 0.10 |
a
Trend analysis for comparisons between each group. Group6–7, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c): ≥6.0 to <7.0%; Group7–8, HbA1c: ≥7.0 to <8.0%; Group8–9, HbA1c: ≥8.0 to <9.0%; Group9–10, HbA1c: ≥9.0 to <10%; Group≥10, HbA1c: ≥10.0%. AOC, area over the blood concentration–time curve; AUC, area under the blood concentration–time curve; MAGE, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions; SD, standard deviation.