Table 1.
Comparison of clinical characteristics of CSKP and CRKP
| Parameters | CRKP (n = 48) | CSKP (n = 48) | F/t/χ2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 67.7 ± 19.5 | 63.1 ± 17.8 | 1.08 | 0.230‡ |
| Male, n (%) | 35 (72.9) | 34 (70.8) | 1.65 | 0.821* |
| Concomitant diseases, n (%) | ||||
| Lung disease | 6 (12.5) | 6 (12.5) | 0.86 | >0.050* |
| Cardiovascular disease | 34 (70.8) | 23 (47.9) | 4.89 | 0.024* |
| Hepatobiliary disease | 11 (22.9) | 11 (22.9) | 2.34 | >0.050 |
| Renal dysfunction | 21 (43.8) | 11 (22.9) | 0.68 | 0.033* |
| Diabetes mellitus | 18 (37.5) | 15 (31.3) | 2.45 | 0.520* |
| Autoimmune disease | 6 (12.5) | 2 (4.2) | 2.33 | 0.159* |
| Neurologic disease | 22 (45.8) | 13 (27.1) | 3.29 | 0.059* |
| Tumor | 13 (27.1) | 18 (37.5) | 1.66 | 0.277* |
| Hospitalization within the past half year, n (%) | 33 (68.8) | 25 (52.1) | 2.03 | 0.097* |
| Previous surgery, n (%) | 10 (20.8) | 16 (33.3) | 1.67 | 0.171* |
| ICU stay, n (%) | 25 (52.1) | 3 (6.3) | 20.34 | <0.001* |
| Previous antibiotic use within the past 1 month, n (%) | 45 (93.8) | 22 (45.8) | 23.46 | <0.001* |
| Exposure to any antibiotic, n (%) | ||||
| β-lactams and β-lactamase inhibitor combinations | 29 (60.4) | 12 (25.0) | 30.45 | 0.001* |
| Cephalosporins | 15 (31.3) | 5 (10.4) | 13.43 | 0.016* |
| Carbapenems | 16 (33.3) | 3 (6.3) | 12.34 | 0.003* |
| Fluoroquinolones | 14 (29.2) | 6 (12.5) | 3.85 | 0.050* |
| Aminoglycosides | 2 (4.2) | 2 (4.2) | 0.81 | >0.050* |
| Antifungal agents | 4 (29.2) | 4 (8.3) | 8.65 | 0.014* |
| Metronidazole | 6 (12.5) | 5 (10.4) | 1.23 | 0.749* |
| Fosfomycin | 2 (4.2) | 1 (2.1) | 2.44 | 0.565* |
| Glycopeptides | 9 (18.8) | 3 (6.3) | 3.11 | 0.077* |
| Aztreonam | 7 (14.6) | 2 (4.2) | 2.56 | 0.099* |
| Others | 9 (188) | 4 (8.3) | 2.44 | 0.145* |
| Invasive procedures, n (%) | ||||
| Deep venous catheterization | 13 (27.1) | 8 (16.7) | 2.78 | 0.221* |
| Mechanical ventilation | 26 (54.2) | 11 (22.9) | 18.90 | 0.002* |
| Indwelling of urethral catheter | 33 (68.8) | 14 (29.2) | 27.89 | 0.000* |
| Indwelling of gastric tube | 34 (70.8) | 15 (31.3) | 28.86 | 0.000* |
| Parenteral nutrition | 4 (8.3) | 7 (14.6) | 2.11 | 0.342* |
| Hemodialysis | 12 (25.0) | 4 (8.3) | 4.56 | 0.036* |
| Puncture | 9 (18.8) | 16 (33.3) | 2.34 | 0.063* |
| Use of systemic steroids, n (%) | 16 (33.3) | 15 (31.3) | 1.34 | 0.827* |
| Use of blood products, n (%) | 27 (56.3) | 15 (31.3) | 8.89 | 0.015* |
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | 4 (8.3) | 8 (16.7) | 3.41 | 0.225* |
| Hospital stay (days), median (25th percentile–75th percentile) | 84 (41–188) | 33 (21–60) | 2.33 | 0.097† |
| Charlson comorbidity index, median (25th percentile–75th percentile) | 4.0 (3.0–5.5) | 3 (2.0–3.0) | 14.45 | 0.001† |
| Time at risk (days), median (25th percentile–75th percentile) | 46 (20–129) | 12 (7–20) | 2.34 | 0.263† |
| Mortality, n (%) | 23 (47.9) | 2 (4.2) | 9.83 | 0.030* |
*Chi-squared test with continuity correction; †Mann-Whitney U-test; ‡Student's t-test. KP: Klebsiella pneumoniae; SD: Standard deviation; CSKP: Carbapenem-susceptible KP; CRKP: Carbapenem-resistant KP; ICU: Intensive Care Unit.