Table 3.
Analysis of risk factors associated with KP infection-induced death
| Clinical characteristic | Death (n = 25) | Survival (n = 71) | F/t/χ2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 74.2 ± 16.54 | 62.34 ± 18.61 | 30.67 | 0.006‡ |
| Male, n (%) | 22 (88.0) | 47 (66.2) | 8.76 | 0.037* |
| Concomitant diseases, n (%) | ||||
| Lung disease | 3 (12.0) | 9 (12.7) | 2.34 | 0.930* |
| Cardiovascular disease | 20 (80.0) | 37 (52.1) | 9.88 | 0.019* |
| Hepatobiliary disease | 6 (24.0) | 16 (22.5) | 1.56 | 0.881* |
| Renal dysfunction | 17 (68.0) | 15 (21.1) | 40.56 | <0.001* |
| Diabetes mellitus | 12 (48.0) | 21 (29.6) | 2.44 | 0.099* |
| Autoimmune disease | 2 (8.0) | 6 (8.5) | 1.09 | 0.944* |
| Neurologic disease | 12 (48.0) | 23 (32.4) | 2.34 | 0.166* |
| Tumor | 11 (44.0) | 20 (28.2) | 2.13 | 0.149* |
| Hospitalization within the past half year, n (%) | 19 (76.0) | 39 (54.9) | 3.12 | 0.069* |
| Previous surgery, n (%) | 3 (12.0) | 23 (32.4) | 3.82 | 0.059* |
| ICU stay | 15 (60.0) | 13 (18.3) | 20.45 | <0.001* |
| Receipt of antibiotics, n (%) | ||||
| β-lactams and β-lactamase inhibitor combinations | 15 (60.0) | 33 (46.5) | 2.11 | 0.248* |
| Cephalosporins | 7 (28.0) | 14 (19.7) | 2.01 | 0.391* |
| Fluoroquinolones | 9 (36.0) | 17 (23.9) | 2.33 | 0.247* |
| Aminoglycosides | 12 (48.0) | 3 (4.2) | 20.12 | <0.001* |
| Carbapenems | 13 (52.0) | 27 (38.0) | 1.34 | 0.226* |
| Glycopeptides | 5 (20.0) | 11 (15.5) | 1.86 | 0.604* |
| Metronidazole | 2 (8.0) | 8 (11.3) | 1.78 | 0.647* |
| Fosfomycin | 3 (12.0) | 4 (5.6) | 2.56 | 0.303* |
| Antifungal agents | 10 (40.0) | 9 (12.7) | 20.45 | 0.005* |
| Others | 9 (36.0) | 13 (18.3) | 2.88 | 0.075* |
| Site of infection, n (%) | ||||
| Respiratory tract | 15 (60.0) | 31 (43.7) | 1.23 | 0.163* |
| Urinary tract | 3 (12.0) | 14 (19.7) | 1.35 | 0.390* |
| Blood | 4 (16.0) | 15 (21.1) | 1.67 | 0.581* |
| Others | 3 (12.0) | 11 (15.5) | 1.58 | 0.671* |
| Invasive procedures, n (%) | ||||
| Deep venous catheterization | 8 (32.0) | 13 (18.3) | 2.32 | 0.159* |
| Mechanical ventilation | 19 (76.0) | 18 (25.4) | 40.12 | <0.001* |
| Indwelling urethral catheter | 18 (72.0) | 29 (40.8) | 32.11 | 0.009* |
| Indwelling gastric tube | 20 (80.0) | 29 (40.8) | 34.56 | 0.002* |
| Parenteral nutrition | 3 (12.0) | 8 (11.3) | 1.24 | 0.921* |
| Hemodialysis | 10 (40.0) | 6 (8.5) | 24.56 | 0.001* |
| Puncture | 4 (16.0) | 20 (28.2) | 1.67 | 0.233* |
| Use of systemic steroids, n (%) | 8 (32.0) | 23 (32.4) | 1.76 | 0.971* |
| Use of blood products, n (%) | 20 (80.0) | 22 (31.0) | 22.27 | <0.001* |
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | 2 (8.0) | 10 (14.1) | 2.67 | 0.435* |
| Hospital stay (days), median (25th percentile–75th percentile) | 148 (71–225) | 37 (22–71) | 32.89 | <0.001† |
| Charlson comorbidity index, median (25th percentile–75th percentile) | 87.0 (42.0–152) | 15.0 (7.0–33.0) | 34.43 | <0.001† |
| Time at risk (days), median (25th percentile–75th percentile) | 6 (5–7) | 3 (2–3) | 28.89 | <0.001† |
*Chi-squared test with continuity correction; †Mann-Whitney U-test; ‡Student's t-test. n: Number of participants; SD: Standard deviation; KP: Klebsiella pneumoniae; ICU: Intensive Care Unit.