The adhesion of fresh human RBCs to HUVECs exposed or not to BCH or L-Leu was quantified in customized flow chambers at varying shear stress. One set of individual adhesion curves is shown in (A) and the mean results from n=4–9 experiments at 1, 2, or 5 dynes/cm2 (B, BCH) and (C, L-Leu). *, p<0.05 vs. Con (vehicle control) by paired t-test. #, p=0.0002 for comparison of full Con vs. BCH curves; ##, p = 0.0021 for Con vs. Leu curves (two-way ANOVA).